Tailoring Localized Electrolyte via a Dual-Functional Protein Membrane toward Stable Zn Anodes.

Considerable attention has been by far paid to stabilizing metallic Zn anodes, where side reactions and dendrite formation still remain detrimental to their practical advancement. Electrolyte modification or protected layer design is widely reported; nonetheless, an effective maneuver to synergize both tactics has been rarely explored. Herein, we propose a localized electrolyte optimization via the introduction of a dual-functional biomass modificator over the Zn anode. Instrumental characterization in conjunction with molecular dynamics simulation indicates local solvation structure transformation owing to the limitation of bound water with intermolecular hydrogen bonds, effectively suppressing hydrogen evolutions. Meanwhile, the optimized nucleation throughout the protein membrane allows uniform Zn deposition. Accordingly, the symmetric cell exhibits an elongated lifespan of 3280 h at 1.0 mA cm/1.0 mAh cm, while the capacity retention of the full cell sustains 91.1% after 2000 cycles at 5.0 A g. The localized electrolyte tailoring via protein membrane introduction might offer insights into operational metal anode protection.