Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
Higher Institute Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.
PeerJ. 2024 Mar 29;12:e17092. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17092. eCollection 2024.
Live foods such as phytoplankton and zooplankton are essential food sources in aquaculture. Due to their small size, they are suitable for newly hatched larvae. and rotifer are commonly used live feeds in aquaculture; each feed has a limited dietary value, which is unsuitable for all cultured species. Whereas, copepod and cladocerans species exhibit favorable characteristics that make them viable candidates as sources of essential nutrients for hatchery operations. Due to their jerking movements, it stimulates the feeding response of fish larvae, and their various sizes make them suitable for any fish and crustacean. Even though is the best live feed due to its proficient nutritional quality, the cost is very expensive, which is about half of the production cost. A recent study suggests the use of amphipods and mysids as alternative live feeds in aquaculture. High nutritional value is present in amphipods and mysids, especially proteins, lipids, and essential fatty acids that are required by fish larvae during early development. Amphipods and mysids are considered abundant in the aquatic ecosystem and have been used by researchers in water toxicity studies. However, the culture of amphipods and mysids has been poorly studied. There is only a small-scale culture under laboratory conditions for scientific research that has been performed. Thus, further research is required to find a way to improve the mass culture of amphipods and mysids that can benefit the aquaculture industry. This review article is intended to provide the available information on amphipods and mysids, including reproductive biology, culture method, nutritional value, feed enhancement, and the importance of them as potential live feed in aquaculture. This article is useful as a guideline for researchers, hatchery operators, and farmers.
活饵料，如浮游植物和浮游动物，是水产养殖中重要的食物来源。由于它们体积小，适合刚孵化的幼虫食用。轮虫和卤虫是水产养殖中常用的活饵料；每种饵料的营养价值都有限，不适合所有养殖品种。而桡足类和枝角类具有良好的特性，使它们成为孵化场操作中必需营养物质的潜在来源。由于它们的扭动运动，刺激了鱼苗的摄食反应，而且它们的各种大小适合任何鱼类和甲壳类动物。尽管丰年虫是最好的活饵料，因为它的营养质量非常好，但成本非常昂贵，大约是生产成本的一半。最近的一项研究表明，在水产养殖中使用丰年虾和磷虾作为替代活饵料。丰年虾和磷虾具有很高的营养价值，特别是蛋白质、脂肪和必需脂肪酸，这些是鱼类幼体在早期发育过程中所必需的。丰年虾和磷虾在水生生态系统中被认为是丰富的，并且已经被研究人员用于水毒性研究。然而，丰年虾和磷虾的养殖研究很差。目前只在实验室条件下进行了小规模的养殖，用于科学研究。因此，需要进一步研究如何改进丰年虾和磷虾的大规模养殖，以造福水产养殖业。本文旨在提供关于丰年虾和磷虾的可用信息，包括生殖生物学、养殖方法、营养价值、饲料强化以及它们作为潜在活饵料在水产养殖中的重要性。本文对研究人员、孵化场经营者和农民都有一定的参考价值。
