Ween Ola, Stangeland Janne K, Fylling Turid S, Aas Grete Hansen
Møreforsking Ålesund AS, PO Box 5075-6021, Ålesund, Norway.
Faculty for Natural Sciences and Technology, Institute of Marine and Biological Sciences, NTNU, PO Box 1517-6025, Ålesund, Norway.
Heliyon. 2017 Jul 4;3(7):e00343. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00343. eCollection 2017 Jul.
Fresh by-products of whitefish such as cod and saithe is processed to fishmeal (FM) on-board seagoing Norwegian trawlers. The aim of this study was to document the properties of whitefish FM (WFM) protein with respect to, physicochemical and bioactive properties. Analysis of the proximate composition of representative seasonal WFM batches show that the production is robust without much variance. The mean protein (61.9 ± 1.2), fat (8.9 ± 1.1%), moisture (5 ± 1.2%) and ash content (22.4 ± 0.8%), reflect the use of lean and bony raw-material. The WFM has a low content of free amino acids (0.7%) and biogenic amines (< 1000 mg/kg) that confirm the high quality and freshness of the raw material. Amino-acid analysis identified the presence of all nutritionally essential amino acids. The WFM physicochemical properties was comparable to soy-bean meal (SBM) by analysis of solubility, water-holding capacity (WHC), the emulsion stability (ES). Proteolytic degradation of the WFM was used to demonstrate the presence of bioactive peptides with inhibiting activity against angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity, . Taken together, WFM produced from fresh by-products is an excellent protein source with attributes of interest beyond the aquafeed-market.
新鲜的白鱼副产品，如鳕鱼和无须鳕，在挪威远洋拖网渔船上被加工成鱼粉（FM）。本研究的目的是记录白鱼鱼粉（WFM）蛋白质在物理化学和生物活性方面的特性。对代表性季节性WFM批次的近似成分分析表明，其生产稳定，差异不大。平均蛋白质含量（61.9±1.2）、脂肪含量（8.9±1.1%）、水分含量（5±1.2%）和灰分含量（22.4±0.8%），反映了其使用的是瘦肉多且多骨的原材料。WFM的游离氨基酸含量低（0.7%），生物胺含量低（<1000mg/kg），这证实了原材料的高质量和新鲜度。氨基酸分析确定了所有营养必需氨基酸的存在。通过溶解度、持水能力（WHC）、乳化稳定性（ES）分析，WFM的物理化学性质与豆粕（SBM）相当。WFM的蛋白水解降解用于证明存在对血管紧张素转换酶（ACE）活性具有抑制活性的生物活性肽。综上所述，由新鲜副产品生产的WFM是一种优质蛋白质来源，具有水产饲料市场以外的其他有价值特性。
