Ngo Victoria K, Vu Thinh T, Punter Malcolm A, Levine Deborah, Mateu-Gelabert Pedro, Borrell Luisa N
Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, USA.
Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health & Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2025 Jun;12(3):1565-1573. doi: 10.1007/s40615-024-01988-0. Epub 2024 Apr 2.
This study examined the prevalence of mental health concerns and its association with COVID-19, selected social determinants of health, and psychosocial risk factors in a predominantly racial/ethnic minoritized neighborhood in New York City.
Adult Harlem residents (N = 393) completed an online cross-sectional survey from April to September 2021. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) and the Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PC-PTSD) were used to evaluate mental health concerns. Poisson regression with robust variance quantified the associations of interests via prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).
Two-thirds (66.4%) of the residents reported experiencing mental health concerns, including PTSD (25.7%), depression (41.2%), and anxiety (48.1%). Residents with low-income housing status (PR = 1.16; 95% CI 1.01, 1.34), alcohol misuse (PR = 1.68; 95% CI 1.40, 2.01), food insecurity (PR = 1.23; 95% CI 1.07, 1.42), exposure to interpersonal violence (PR = 1.33; 95% CI 1.08, 2.65), and experience of discrimination (PR = 1.53, 95% CI 1.23-1.92) were more likely to report mental health concerns. Better community perception of the police (PR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.95, 0.99) was associated with fewer mental health concerns. No associations were observed for employment insecurity, housing insecurity, or household COVID-19 positivity with mental health concerns.
This study showed a high prevalence of mental health concerns in a low-income racial/ethnic minoritized community, where COVID-19 and social risk factors compounded these concerns. Harlem residents face mental health risks including increased financial precarity, interpersonal violence, and discrimination exposure. Interventions are needed to address these concurrent mental health and psychosocial risk factors, particularly in racial/ethnic minoritized residents.
本研究调查了纽约市一个以少数族裔为主的社区中心理健康问题的患病率及其与新冠病毒疾病、选定的健康社会决定因素和心理社会风险因素之间的关联。
2021年4月至9月，哈莱姆区的成年居民（N = 393）完成了一项在线横断面调查。使用患者健康问卷（PHQ - 4）和创伤后应激障碍问卷（PC - PTSD）评估心理健康问题。采用稳健方差的泊松回归通过患病率比（PR）和95%置信区间（CI）对相关关联进行量化。
三分之二（66.4%）的居民报告存在心理健康问题，包括创伤后应激障碍（25.7%）、抑郁症（41.2%）和焦虑症（48.1%）。低收入住房状况的居民（PR = 1.16；95% CI 1.01，1.34）、酗酒（PR = 1.68；95% CI 1.40，2.01）、粮食不安全（PR = 1.23；95% CI 1.07，1.42）、遭受人际暴力（PR = 1.33；95% CI 1.08，2.65）以及经历歧视（PR = 1.53，95% CI 1.23 - 1.92）的居民更有可能报告存在心理健康问题。对警察的社区认可度更高（PR = 0.97，95% CI 0.95，0.99）与心理健康问题较少相关。未观察到就业不安全、住房不安全或家庭新冠病毒检测呈阳性与心理健康问题之间存在关联。
本研究表明，在一个低收入的少数族裔社区中心理健康问题的患病率很高，在该社区中新冠病毒疾病和社会风险因素加剧了这些问题。哈莱姆区居民面临心理健康风险，包括经济不稳定加剧、人际暴力和遭受歧视。需要采取干预措施来应对这些并发的心理健康和心理社会风险因素，特别是针对少数族裔居民。
