Sebothoma Ben
Department of Speech pathology and Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, Wits, Johannesburg, 2050 South Africa.
Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2024 Apr;76(2):1637-1644. doi: 10.1007/s12070-023-04375-z. Epub 2023 Nov 28.
The aim of this study was to explore risk factors for hearing loss or affecting hearing function in adults living with HIV. A quantitative cross-sectional design was employed. A non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select and recruit 132 participants aged 18 years and above from an HIV clinic within the Academic Hospital in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Participants' hearing were tested using, video otoscopy, tympanometry, pure tones, and speech audiometry. Of the 22.73% prevalence of hearing loss in the sample, the multiple logistic regression, controlling for other variables, indicated that age (AOR) = 1.049; 95%CI: 1.0005 to 1.0978) (p-value = 0.048) and extended use of antiretroviral therapy (AOR) = 1.0073; 95%CI: 0.9312 to 1.0896)) (p-value = 0.856) were strongly associated with the development of hearing loss. Although the odds of male participants to have hearing loss was 2.3572 (95%CI: 0.9394 to 5.915) compared to females, this association was marginal (p-value = 0.068). Current findings provide evidence for the risk factors for hearing loss in adults living with HIV. Given that an extended use of ART and a higher number of CD4 are strongly associated with hearing loss, these findings raise important implications for a focused monitoring for this population in order to identify early signs of hearing loss and implement timeous intervention to reduce the potential impact of hearing loss.
本研究的目的是探讨感染艾滋病毒的成年人听力损失或影响听力功能的风险因素。采用了定量横断面设计。使用非概率目的抽样方法，从南非豪登省学术医院的一家艾滋病毒诊所中选取并招募了132名18岁及以上的参与者。使用视频耳镜检查、鼓室图、纯音和言语测听法对参与者的听力进行测试。在样本中听力损失患病率为22.73%的情况下，多因素逻辑回归在控制其他变量后表明，年龄（调整后比值比[AOR] = 1.049；95%置信区间[CI]：1.0005至1.0978）（p值 = 0.048）和抗逆转录病毒疗法的长期使用（AOR = 1.0073；95%CI：0.9312至1.0896））（p值 = 0.856）与听力损失的发生密切相关。尽管男性参与者发生听力损失的几率是女性的2.3572倍（95%CI：0.9394至5.915），但这种关联并不显著（p值 = 0.068）。目前的研究结果为感染艾滋病毒的成年人听力损失的风险因素提供了证据。鉴于抗逆转录病毒疗法的长期使用和较高的CD4细胞计数与听力损失密切相关，这些发现对针对该人群进行重点监测具有重要意义，以便识别听力损失的早期迹象并及时实施干预措施，以减少听力损失的潜在影响。
