Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, UK.
Dent Med Probl. 2024 Mar-Apr;61(2):225-231. doi: 10.17219/dmp/156225.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a known systemic risk factor for periodontitis. An increased expression of CD44 has been suggested in type 2 diabetics and periodontitis patients.
The present study aimed to assess the expression of CD44 antigen in patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and type 2 DM in a South Indian urban population. Additionally, the relationships between the expression of CD44 antigen in gingival tissues, periodontal clinical parameters, and the random blood sugar (RBS) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were assessed.
A total of 63 subjects were divided into 3 groups: systemically and periodontally healthy controls (group H); CP patients, otherwise healthy (group CP); and CP patients with type 2 DM (group CP+DM). Periodontal parameters were recorded for all groups, and additionally the RBS and HbA1c levels for group CP+DM. Gingival tissue samples were obtained and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis for CD44.
The expression of CD44 was significantly higher in the diseased groups. Epithelial CD44 expression was significantly stronger in group CP+DM as compared to groups CP and H (p < 0.001), whereas connective tissue CD44 expression was similar in groups CP and CP+DM (p = 0.657). Furthermore, an inverse relationship was observed between blood glucose parameters and CD44 expression in the epithelium and connective tissue.
The expression of CD44 increased with the severity of periodontal disease. Additionally, glycemic control in patients with CP and type 2 DM had an impact on CD44 expression. Our findings indicate a possible destructive role of CD44 in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases in individuals with type 2 DM.
2 型糖尿病（DM）是牙周炎的已知全身性危险因素。已经有人提出，2 型糖尿病患者和牙周炎患者的 CD44 表达增加。
本研究旨在评估 CD44 抗原在印度南部城市人群慢性牙周炎（CP）和 2 型糖尿病患者中的表达。此外，还评估了牙龈组织中 CD44 抗原的表达与牙周临床参数以及随机血糖（RBS）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平之间的关系。
共 63 名受试者分为 3 组：系统和牙周健康对照组（组 H）；CP 患者，健康（组 CP）；和 2 型糖尿病 CP 患者（组 CP+DM）。记录所有组的牙周参数，并记录组 CP+DM 的 RBS 和 HbA1c 水平。获取牙龈组织样本并进行 CD44 的免疫组织化学分析。
疾病组的 CD44 表达明显升高。与组 CP 和 H 相比，组 CP+DM 的上皮 CD44 表达明显更强（p <0.001），而 CP 和 CP+DM 组的结缔组织 CD44 表达相似（p = 0.657）。此外，在上皮和结缔组织中，血糖参数与 CD44 表达之间存在负相关关系。
CD44 的表达随牙周病严重程度的增加而增加。此外，CP 和 2 型糖尿病患者的血糖控制对 CD44 表达有影响。我们的发现表明 CD44 可能在 2 型糖尿病患者牙周病的发病机制中具有破坏性作用。
