College of Animal Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, China.
Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion and Breeding Livestock and Poultry Monitoring Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2024 Jul;108(4):1107-1118. doi: 10.1111/jpn.13954. Epub 2024 Apr 3.
Reducing the dietary crude protein (CP) could effectively reduce pressure on protein ingredient supplies. However, few data have been reported about the extent to which CP can be reduced and whether limiting the use of soybean meal leads to electrolyte imbalance. In this experiment, using the low protein (LP) diet [2% lower than NRC (2012)], seventy-two piglets (35 days old) were randomly divided into 2 groups with 6 replicates of 6 piglets each: CON group (CP = 18.5%) and LP group (CP = 16.5%), to investigate the effect of the LP diet on electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, intestinal structure and amino acid transport in piglets. The results revealed that the LP diet decreased the average daily gain and dietary CP digestibility, and damaged the villi structure of the small intestine. Compared with the CON diet, the potassium content decreased and the chlorine content increased in the LP diet, and similar trends were shown in piglet serum. The arterial pH, pCO, HCO , and base excess of piglets in the LP group were lower than those in the CON group, while pO was higher than those in the CON group. Interestingly, the LP diet significantly increased the lysine content in piglet serum and significantly decreased the levels of arginine, leucine, and glutamic acid. Furthermore, the LP diet significantly affected the expression of some amino acid transport vectors (BAT1, EAAC1, and yLAT1). In summary, these findings suggested that the LP diet leads to acid-base imbalance, amino acid transport disorder and amino acids imbalance in piglets, and the dietary electrolyte may be a key factor in the impact of the LP diet on piglet growth performance and intestinal health.
降低日粮粗蛋白（CP）可以有效减轻蛋白质原料供应压力。然而，关于 CP 可以降低多少以及限制使用豆粕是否会导致电解质失衡，报道的数据很少。本试验采用低蛋白（LP）饲粮[比 NRC（2012）低 2%]，选用 35 日龄的 72 头仔猪，随机分为 2 组，每组 6 个重复，每个重复 6 头仔猪，CON 组（CP 为 18.5%）和 LP 组（CP 为 16.5%），研究 LP 饲粮对仔猪电解质平衡、酸碱平衡、肠道结构和氨基酸转运的影响。结果表明，LP 饲粮降低了仔猪的平均日增重和日粮 CP 消化率，损伤了小肠绒毛结构。与 CON 饲粮相比，LP 饲粮中钾含量降低，氯含量增加，仔猪血清中也呈现出相似的趋势。LP 组仔猪动脉 pH、pCO、HCO、碱剩余均低于 CON 组，pO 高于 CON 组。有趣的是，LP 饲粮显著增加了仔猪血清中赖氨酸含量，显著降低了精氨酸、亮氨酸和谷氨酸水平。此外，LP 饲粮显著影响了一些氨基酸转运载体（BAT1、EAAC1 和 yLAT1）的表达。综上所述，这些发现表明 LP 饲粮导致仔猪酸碱失衡、氨基酸转运紊乱和氨基酸失衡，饲粮电解质可能是 LP 饲粮影响仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的关键因素。
