Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-Dori, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
Department of Rehabilitation, Niigata University of Rehabilitation, 2-16 Kaminoyama, Murakami, Niigata, 958-0053, Japan.
Arch Osteoporos. 2024 Apr 3;19(1):25. doi: 10.1007/s11657-024-01381-8.
Reports on the association between vitamin D levels and fall risk have been mixed, and long-term follow-up studies are lacking. This 5-year cohort study of 5,343 community-dwelling Japanese people aged 40-74 years found that low vitamin D levels are not associated with a high risk of recurrent falls.
Findings of cohort studies on the association between plasma 25-hydoxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and fall risk have been mixed, and long-term follow-up studies are lacking. The present study investigated whether low plasma 25(OH)D levels are longitudinally associated with a high risk of recurrent falls in adults.
This 5-year cohort study included 5,343 community-dwelling Japanese people aged 40-74 years. Baseline blood collection and a questionnaire survey were conducted in 2011-2013. Plasma 25(OH)D levels were determined and divided into quintiles after stratification by season, sex, and age group. Information on recurrent falls occurring in the year before the survey 5 years later was obtained, and participants with two or more falls were considered to have experienced recurrent falls. Covariates were sex, age, marital status, education, occupation, BMI, total physical activity levels, calcium intake, vitamin K intake, smoking, drinking, and disease history.
Mean age and 25(OH)D levels were 60.9 years and 50.9 nmol/L, respectively. In the follow-up survey, 209 recurrent falls were reported. Plasma 25(OH)D levels were not significantly associated with the occurrence of recurrent falls in men, women, or men/women-combined (adjusted P for trend = 0.1198, 0.8383, and 0.2355, respectively). In men and men/women-combined, adjusted ORs for recurrent falls in the lowest quintile were significantly lower (adjusted OR = 0.42 and 0.59, respectively) than the middle quintile (reference).
Low plasma 25(OH)D levels are not associated with a high risk of recurrent falls in middle-aged and older people. Further longitudinal studies will be needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
关于血浆 25-羟维生素 D（25[OH]D）水平与跌倒风险之间的关联的队列研究结果不一，且缺乏长期随访研究。本研究旨在调查成年人的低血浆 25（OH）D 水平是否与反复跌倒的高风险相关。
这是一项为期 5 年的队列研究，纳入了 5343 名年龄在 40-74 岁的社区居住的日本人。在 2011-2013 年进行了基线血液采集和问卷调查。在分层考虑季节、性别和年龄组后，测定血浆 25（OH）D 水平并分为五分位。在 5 年后的调查前一年获得了反复跌倒的信息，并且有两次或更多次跌倒的参与者被认为经历了反复跌倒。协变量为性别、年龄、婚姻状况、教育程度、职业、BMI、总体力活动水平、钙摄入量、维生素 K 摄入量、吸烟、饮酒和病史。
平均年龄和 25（OH）D 水平分别为 60.9 岁和 50.9 nmol/L。在随访调查中，报告了 209 例反复跌倒事件。血浆 25（OH）D 水平与男性、女性或男性/女性合并人群反复跌倒的发生无显著相关性（趋势调整 P 值分别为 0.1198、0.8383 和 0.2355）。在男性和男性/女性合并人群中，最低五分位数反复跌倒的调整比值比显著低于中间五分位数（调整比值比分别为 0.42 和 0.59）。
在中年和老年人中，低血浆 25（OH）D 水平与反复跌倒的高风险无关。需要进一步的纵向研究来确认我们在其他人群中的发现。
