Kimura Shion, Suzuki Choji, Kitamura Kaori, Watanabe Yumi, Kabasawa Keiko, Takahashi Akemi, Saito Toshiko, Kobayashi Ryosaku, Oshiki Rieko, Takachi Ribeka, Tsugane Shoichiro, Yamazaki Osamu, Watanabe Kei, Nakamura Kazutoshi
Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.
Division of Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2025 Jan;25(1):67-74. doi: 10.1111/ggi.15040. Epub 2024 Dec 7.
Evidence is lacking regarding associations between smoking/drinking and falls. This study aimed to determine longitudinal associations between smoking, alcohol consumption, and fall risk in middle-aged and older people.
Participants of this cohort study were 7542 community-dwelling Japanese people aged 40-74 years. The baseline self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in 2011-2013, and the second survey was conducted 5 years later. Predictors were smoking level and alcohol consumption. The outcome was the occurrence of recurrent falls. Information on self-reported falls in the previous year was obtained. Covariates were demographics, lifestyle factors, body mass index, general health status, and disease history.
The mean age of participants was 60.3 years. Higher smoking levels were associated with a higher recurrent fall risk (adjusted P for trend = 0.0386), with the ≥20 cigarettes/day group having a higher risk (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.93, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20-3.10) than lifetime non-smokers. The association between smoking and recurrent fall risk tended to be stronger in drinkers than in non-drinkers (adjusted OR = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.57-4.81), suggesting a potential interaction (P for interaction = 0.1035). Although there were no dose-dependent associations between alcohol consumption and recurrent fall risk overall, moderate alcohol consumption (150-299 g ethanol/week) was associated with a lower risk (adjusted OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.33-0.98) compared with no consumption in men.
Smoking, but not alcohol consumption, is dose-dependently associated with high fall risk. However, moderate alcohol consumption may be associated with a decreased fall risk. Moreover, there may be a potential interaction between smoking and alcohol consumption on fall risk. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2025; 25: 67-74.
关于吸烟/饮酒与跌倒之间的关联，目前证据不足。本研究旨在确定吸烟、饮酒与中老年人群跌倒风险之间的纵向关联。
本队列研究的参与者为7542名年龄在40 - 74岁的日本社区居民。2011 - 2013年进行了基线自我管理问卷调查，5年后进行了第二次调查。预测因素为吸烟水平和饮酒量。结果是反复跌倒的发生情况。获取了前一年自我报告跌倒的信息。协变量包括人口统计学、生活方式因素、体重指数、总体健康状况和疾病史。
参与者的平均年龄为60.3岁。吸烟水平越高，反复跌倒风险越高（趋势调整P = 0.0386），每天吸烟≥20支的组比终生不吸烟者风险更高（调整后的优势比[OR] = 1.93，95%置信区间[CI]：1.20 - 3.10）。吸烟者中吸烟与反复跌倒风险之间的关联在饮酒者中往往比不饮酒者更强（调整后的OR = 2.75，95% CI：1.57 - 4.81），提示可能存在相互作用（相互作用P = 0.1035）。虽然总体上饮酒量与反复跌倒风险之间没有剂量依赖性关联，但与男性不饮酒相比，适度饮酒（每周150 - 299克乙醇）与较低风险相关（调整后的OR = 0.57，95% CI：0.33 - 0.98）。
吸烟而非饮酒与高跌倒风险呈剂量依赖性关联。然而，适度饮酒可能与跌倒风险降低有关。此外，吸烟和饮酒在跌倒风险上可能存在潜在的相互作用。《老年医学与老年病学国际杂志》2025年；25：67 - 74。
