Area of Animal Production, Faculty of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
Area of Animal Production, Faculty of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, University of Salamanca, Salamanca 37007, Spain.
Poult Sci. 2024 Jun;103(6):103684. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103684. Epub 2024 Mar 21.
Presently, there has been a noticeable rise in the consumption of poultry meat within the general population, particularly focusing on poultry sourced from alternative rearing systems as opposed to intensive ones. This study evaluated the impact of incorporating house cricket (Acheta domesticus,AD) larvae meal into the diet of 2 slow-growing chicken strains on their carcass traits and meat quality. A total of 256 one-day-old male chicks were utilized, with 128 belonging to the Red (R) strain and 128 to the Naked Neck (NN) strain. Chicks from each strain were randomly assigned to 16 replicates of 8 chicks each. Eight replicates were allocated to 2 distinct treatments (n=64 chicks/treatment) based on the diet employed: the control treatments for the Red (R-C) and Naked Neck (NN-C) strains were fed soybean meal, while the other 2 treatments were fed AD meal (R-AD and NN-AD). Three different rations were used throughout the growth cycle of the animals, tailored to meet the nutritional needs of the birds. All chickens were slaughtered at 95 d of age, and eight chickens per treatment were randomly chosen to assess carcass traits and meat quality. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) was employed to classify meat based on the feed and the chick strain, achieving a correct discrimination of 100% of the samples. The carcass traits exhibited significant alterations due to the inclusion of insect larval meal in the diet, resulting in reduced values across all parameters for chickens consuming AD meal, irrespective of genotype. The pH and cooking losses were generally higher for chicks fed cricket meal, as occurred with moisture. However, protein content was lower in the meat of chicks consuming cricket meal. Fat content showed lower values for NN chickens. There were minimal differences in the fatty acid profile, with lower C18:3n-3 values for chickens fed cricket meal. Therefore, including Acheta domesticus meal in the diets of slow-growing chick strains is a viable alternative to replace soybean meal. It provides meat quality characteristics comparable to those obtained in conventional systems.
目前，人们对禽肉的消费明显增加，特别是对来自替代饲养系统而非密集饲养系统的禽肉的消费。本研究评估了在 2 种生长缓慢的鸡品种的饮食中加入家蟋蟀（Acheta domesticus，AD）幼虫粉对其胴体特征和肉质的影响。共使用了 256 只 1 日龄雄性小鸡，其中 128 只为红（R）品种，128 只为裸颈（NN）品种。每个品种的小鸡随机分配到 16 个重复，每个重复 8 只小鸡。根据所使用的饮食，将 8 个重复分为 2 个不同的处理（n=64 只小鸡/处理）：红（R-C）和裸颈（NN-C）品种的对照处理喂养豆粕，而其他 2 种处理喂养 AD 粉（R-AD 和 NN-AD）。在动物的整个生长周期中使用了 3 种不同的日粮，以满足鸟类的营养需求。所有鸡在 95 日龄时被屠宰，每个处理随机选择 8 只鸡评估胴体特征和肉质。近红外反射光谱（NIRS）用于根据饲料和鸡品种对肉进行分类，正确识别 100%的样本。由于在饮食中添加了昆虫幼虫粉，胴体特征发生了显著变化，无论基因型如何，食用 AD 粉的鸡的所有参数值都降低了。pH 值和蒸煮损失通常较高，水分含量也较高。然而，食用蟋蟀粉的鸡的肉中的蛋白质含量较低。NN 鸡的脂肪含量较低。脂肪酸谱差异很小，食用蟋蟀粉的鸡的 C18:3n-3 值较低。因此，在家禽生长缓慢的品种的饮食中加入家蟋蟀粉是替代豆粕的可行选择。它提供了与传统系统获得的相似的肉质特性。
