Whelan Bridget M, Kliethermes Stephanie A, Schloredt Kelly A, Rao Ashwin, Harmon Kimberly G, Petek Bradley J
Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 2024 May 2;58(10):531-537. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2023-107509.
To determine the incidence rate of suicide from 2002 to 2022 among athletes from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and assess for potential differences by, sex, race, division and sport.
NCAA athlete deaths over a 20-year period from 2002 to 2022 were identified. Poisson regression models were built to assess changes in incidence rates over time. Linear and quadratic fits between year and suicide incidence for males and females were evaluated.
Of 1102 total deaths, 128 (11.6%) deaths by suicide were reported (male n=98, female n=30). The overall incidence was 1:71 145 athlete-years (AYs). Over the last decade, suicide was the second most common cause of death after accidents. The proportion of deaths by suicide doubled from the first 10 years (7.6%) to the second 10 years (15.3%). The suicide incidence rate for males increased linearly (5-year incidence rate ratio 1.32 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.53)), whereas a quadratic association was identified among female athletes (p=0.002), with the incidence rate reaching its lowest point in females in 2010-2011 and increasing thereafter. Male cross-country athletes had the highest suicide incidence rate (1:29 815 AYs) and Division I and II athletes had a higher suicide incidence rate than Division III athletes. No significant differences in suicide incidence rates by sex, race or sport were identified.
Deaths by suicide among NCAA athletes increased in both males and females throughout the 20-year study period, and suicide is now the second most common cause of death in this population. Greater suicide prevention efforts geared towards NCAA athletes are warranted.
确定2002年至2022年美国国家大学体育协会（NCAA）运动员的自杀发生率，并评估性别、种族、赛区和运动项目之间的潜在差异。
确定2002年至2022年20年间NCAA运动员的死亡情况。建立泊松回归模型以评估发生率随时间的变化。评估了男性和女性年份与自杀发生率之间的线性和二次拟合。
在1102例总死亡中，报告了128例（11.6%）自杀死亡（男性n = 98，女性n = 30）。总体发生率为1:71 145运动员年（AYs）。在过去十年中，自杀是仅次于事故的第二大常见死因。自杀死亡比例从前10年的7.6%增加到后10年的15.3%。男性自杀发生率呈线性增加（5年发生率比为1.32（95%CI 1.14至1.53）），而在女性运动员中发现了二次关联（p = 0.002），发生率在2010 - 2011年女性中达到最低点，此后上升。男性越野运动员的自杀发生率最高（1:29 815 AYs），第一和第二赛区的运动员自杀发生率高于第三赛区的运动员。未发现性别、种族或运动项目在自杀发生率上的显著差异。
在整个20年的研究期间，NCAA运动员中的自杀死亡在男性和女性中均有所增加，自杀现在是该人群中第二大常见死因。有必要针对NCAA运动员加大自杀预防力度。
