Cornell Tessa Rose, Conteh Bakary, Drammeh Lamin, Jeffang Foday, Sallah Ebrima, Kijera Alkali, Jarju Mustapha, Karim Mehrab, Khan Ebrima, Ceesay Pa Ousman, Manneh Ebrima, Wootton Dan G, Pinchbeck Gina, Scantlebury Claire Elizabeth
Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences (IVES), University of Liverpool, UK.
Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Fajara, The Gambia.
One Health. 2024 Mar 27;18:100717. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100717. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Robust surveillance of species is warranted in endemic regions, including investigation of community-level transmission dynamics. This cross-sectional study explored anti- antibody seroprevalence and risk factors for exposure in a general population in Upper River Region (URR), The Gambia. Study participants were recruited (December 2022-March 2023) by random household sampling across 12 Enumeration Areas (EAs) of URR. A questionnaire and clinical examination were performed; exploring demographic, clinical and environmental risk factors for exposure. One venous blood sample per participant was subject to IMMY Latex Agglutination test to determine presence of a recent IgM response to . Seropositivity risk factors were explored by multi-level, multivariable logistic regression analysis. The study population ( = 298) aged 5-83 years, demonstrated a positively skewed age distribution and comprised 55.4% females. An apparent seroprevalence of 18.8% ( = 56/298, 95% CI 14.5-23.7%) was measured using the LAT. A multivariable model demonstrated increased odds of seropositivity amongst female participants (OR = 2.41 95% CI 1.14-5.10); and participants reporting involvement in animal manure management (OR = 4.21 95% CI 1.38-12.90), and management of domestic animals the compound at night during the dry season (OR = 10.72 95% CI 2.02-56.83). Increasing age (OR = 0.96 95% CI 0.93-0.98) was associated with decreased odds of seropositivity. Clustering at EA level was responsible for 17.2% of seropositivity variance. The study indicates frequent recent exposure and presents plausible demographic and environmental risk factors for seropositivity. spp. characterisation at this human-animal-environment interface is warranted, to determine public health implications of environmental reservoirs in The Gambia. The study was supported by Wellcome Trust (206,638/Z/17/Z to CES) and a University of Liverpool-funded PhD studentship (to TRC).
在流行地区，有必要对物种进行强有力的监测，包括调查社区层面的传播动态。这项横断面研究探讨了冈比亚上河区普通人群中抗抗体血清阳性率及暴露的风险因素。研究参与者通过对上河区12个普查区进行随机家庭抽样招募（2022年12月至2023年3月）。进行了问卷调查和临床检查；探究暴露的人口统计学、临床和环境风险因素。每位参与者采集一份静脉血样本，进行IMMY乳胶凝集试验，以确定近期是否存在针对……的IgM反应。通过多层次多变量逻辑回归分析探究血清阳性的风险因素。研究人群（n = 298）年龄在5至83岁之间，年龄分布呈正偏态，女性占55.4%。使用乳胶凝集试验测得明显血清阳性率为18.8%（n = 56/298，95%可信区间14.5 - 23.7%）。多变量模型显示女性参与者血清阳性几率增加（比值比 = 2.41，95%可信区间1.14 - 5.10）；报告参与动物粪便管理的参与者（比值比 = 4.21，95%可信区间1.38 - 12.90），以及在旱季夜间在院子里管理家畜的参与者（比值比 = 10.72，95%可信区间2.02 - 56.83）。年龄增加（比值比 = 0.96，95%可信区间0.93 - 0.98）与血清阳性几率降低相关。普查区层面的聚集性导致了17.2%的血清阳性差异。该研究表明近期频繁暴露，并呈现出血清阳性的合理人口统计学和环境风险因素。有必要在这个人类 - 动物 - 环境界面进行……物种特征分析，以确定冈比亚环境宿主对公共卫生的影响。该研究得到了惠康信托基金（给CES的206,638/Z/17/Z）和利物浦大学资助的博士奖学金（给TRC）的支持。
