Molla Ramezani Navid, Davoodi Behnam
School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 5;14(1):8056. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58714-3.
To fundamentally investigate the influence of different friction stir processing (FSP) strategies, namely raster, spiral, and parallel in various passes on the surface integrity of hybrid aluminum nanocomposites reinforced by titanium oxide (TiO), silicon carbide (SiC), and zirconium oxide (ZrO) nanoparticles, various examinations were conducted. The surface integrity, comprising microstructural characterization, elemental composition, surface topography, roughness, waviness, and microhardness was studied by different analyses, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), optical microscopy (OM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Vickers microhardness machine in different zones. Results demonstrated that surface integrity and quality are dependent on the type of FSP strategy. SEM images revealed that a homogeneous distribution of the nanoparticles in the matrix is obtainable by the parallel and raster FSP strategies. Roughness and waviness measurements illustrated that the surface topography of the hybrid nanocomposite was symmetrical and improved by raster strategy and TiO + ZrO nanoparticle reinforcement. Furthermore, the two-pass FSP improved the arithmetic average surface value (R) such that the R of two passes decreased by 32.5% compared to a single one. The mean microhardness in the spiral, raster, and parallel pass strategies increased by ~ 45%, 37%, and 31%, respectively.
为了从根本上研究不同的搅拌摩擦加工（FSP）策略，即不同道次的光栅式、螺旋式和平行式，对由氧化钛（TiO）、碳化硅（SiC）和氧化锆（ZrO）纳米颗粒增强的混合铝基纳米复合材料表面完整性的影响，进行了各种检测。通过不同的分析方法，包括扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDS）、光学显微镜（OM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）以及维氏显微硬度仪，研究了不同区域的表面完整性，包括微观结构表征、元素组成、表面形貌、粗糙度、波纹度和显微硬度。结果表明，表面完整性和质量取决于FSP策略的类型。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，通过平行式和光栅式FSP策略可使纳米颗粒在基体中均匀分布。粗糙度和波纹度测量表明，混合纳米复合材料的表面形貌呈对称分布，并且通过光栅策略和TiO+ZrO纳米颗粒增强得到了改善。此外，两道次FSP提高了表面算术平均值（R），使得两道次的R值相比单道次降低了32.5%。螺旋式、光栅式和平行式道次策略中的平均显微硬度分别提高了约45%、37%和31%。
