Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Ambio. 2024 Aug;53(8):1095-1108. doi: 10.1007/s13280-024-02006-7. Epub 2024 Apr 5.
The world is currently facing uncertainty caused by environmental, social, and economic changes and by political shocks. Fostering social-ecological resilience by enhancing forests' ability to provide a range of ecosystem services, including carbon sequestration, habitat provision, and sustainable livelihoods, is key to addressing such uncertainty. However, policy makers and managers currently lack a clear understanding of how to operationalise the shaping of resilience through the combined challenges of climate change, the biodiversity crisis, and changes in societal demand. Based on a scientific literature review, we identified a set of actions related to ecosystem services, biodiversity conservation, and disturbance and pressure impacts that forest managers and policy makers should attend to enhance the resilience of European forest systems. We conclude that the resilience shaping of forests should (1) adopt an operational approach, which is currently lacking, (2) identify and address existing and future trade-offs while reinforcing win-wins and (3) attend to local particularities through an adaptive management approach.
当前，世界正面临着由环境、社会和经济变化以及政治冲击所带来的不确定性。通过增强森林提供一系列生态系统服务的能力，包括碳固存、生境提供和可持续生计，来促进社会-生态弹性，是应对这种不确定性的关键。然而，政策制定者和管理者目前对于如何通过气候变化、生物多样性危机以及社会需求变化的综合挑战来实际操作塑造弹性还缺乏清晰的认识。基于科学文献综述，我们确定了一系列与生态系统服务、生物多样性保护以及干扰和压力影响相关的行动，森林管理者和政策制定者应关注这些行动，以增强欧洲森林系统的弹性。我们的结论是，森林的弹性塑造应该（1）采用目前缺乏的操作性方法，（2）在加强双赢局面的同时，识别和解决现有的和未来的权衡取舍问题，（3）通过适应性管理方法关注地方的特殊性。
