A case-report of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with renal subcapsular hematoma.

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (CHRCC) is a rare subtype of renal cancer, accompanied by subcapsular renal hematoma (SRH) without a history of traumatic or hemorrhagic disease, which is clinically rare. The reason for CHRCC with SRH may be caused by tumor rupture or vascular rupture. In the early stage, it is often asymptomatic and can be easily overlooked and misdiagnosed, leading to delayed treatment and serious consequences.

CASE PRESENTATION

A 39-year-old female patient was admitted to the emergency department due to sudden dull pain and discomfort in the lower back. Subsequent ultrasound, CT, and MRI imaging examinations revealed the presence of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma with a volume of 4.5 × 3.5 × 3 cm in the middle and lower pole of the right kidney. In addition, a subcapsular hematoma with an area of approximately 6 × 11 cm was also found. The patient underwent laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.

CLINICAL DISCUSSION

Due to its atypical syptmoms and signs, it is often overlooked or misdiagnosed. CHRCC has unique histological features, which distinguish it from other subtypes of renal cell carcinoma. Imaging studies such as CT scan and MRI are helpful in diagnosing and identifying associated complications. In this case, the presence of the perirenal hematoma is a notable finding, which may be caused by tumor-induced vascular disruption.

CONCLUSION

This report underscores the importance of recognizing and managing complications associated with CHRCC. Early diagnosis and appropriate surgical treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes in these cases.