Sutow E J, Jones D W, Milne E L
J Dent Res. 1985 May;64(5):842-7. doi: 10.1177/00220345850640051201.
The crevice corrosion susceptibility of cold-worked Type 316LVM stainless steel, cast Co-Cr-Mo, wrought Co-Cr-W-Ni, non-nitrided and nitrided Ti-6Al-4V ELI, and c.p. Ti, Grades 1 and 4, was studied in vitro by means of a crevice cell. Occlusion was created by interfacing a disc specimen and a Teflon bar. Specimens were mechanically prepared through 2-4 micron Al2O3 and passivated in 30% HNO3, followed by steam sterilization. Tests were performed in a deaerated Ringer's solution, maintained at pH = 7 and 37 degrees C. Anodic polarization was conducted potentiostatically at pre-selected levels, and resultant currents were monitored: stainless steel, 50 and 100 mV (S.C.E.), 450 min; non-stainless materials, 600 mV, 1000 min. Results for the stainless steel demonstrated that a HNO3 passivation treatment reduced its crevice corrosion susceptibility. For the non-stainless steel materials, no crevice corrosion susceptibility was observed, although a dulling and discoloration of c.p. Ti was evident. Recognizing that 600 mV is in excess of the O2 reduction potential in vivo, it was concluded that, in the absence of fretting, implants of these non-stainless steel materials would not experience significant corrosion loss under crevice conditions.
通过缝隙腐蚀试验箱，对冷加工316LVM不锈钢、铸造钴铬钼合金、锻造钴铬钨镍合金、未氮化和氮化的Ti-6Al-4V ELI以及工业纯钛1级和4级的缝隙腐蚀敏感性进行了体外研究。通过将圆盘试样与聚四氟乙烯棒连接来形成闭塞环境。试样经过2 - 4微米氧化铝机械处理，在30%硝酸中钝化，然后进行蒸汽灭菌。试验在pH值为7、温度为37℃的除气林格氏溶液中进行。在预先选定的电位下进行恒电位阳极极化，并监测由此产生的电流：不锈钢，50和100 mV（饱和甘汞电极），450分钟；非不锈钢材料，600 mV，1000分钟。不锈钢的试验结果表明，硝酸钝化处理降低了其缝隙腐蚀敏感性。对于非不锈钢材料，未观察到缝隙腐蚀敏感性，尽管工业纯钛出现了钝化膜变钝和变色现象。考虑到600 mV超过了体内氧还原电位，得出的结论是，在没有微动的情况下，这些非不锈钢材料制成的植入物在缝隙条件下不会经历显著的腐蚀损失。
