Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Population Health, New York, New York, USA.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2024 Jul 1;37(4):270-276. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0000000000000938. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
New psychoactive substances (NPS) continue to emerge globally and present a threat to public health. This article summarizes the most recent literature on approaches for monitoring NPS use and adverse events related to use.
A variety of approaches have recently been employed for surveillance of NPS use and associated harms, including the use of toxicology testing of patients in emergency departments, surveys of sentinel populations, drug checking and syringe services programs, wastewater-based epidemiology, and retrospective analyses of clinical samples and toxicology reports. These studies cover a range of time periods and NPS examined across numerous countries.
Areas of particular interest for future research include the use of data from drug checking services to inform surveillance efforts of the illicit drug supply and the development of methods for wastewater-based monitoring of NPS. Studies that combine self-report data with toxicology testing in particular are important for capturing unintentional or unknown exposure to NPS including fentanyls and drugs like xylazine. Given the limitations associated with individual indicators of drug use and associated harms, the harmonization of multiple data sources can help present a more complete picture of both trends involving NPS to better inform public health responses.
新精神活性物质（NPS）在全球范围内不断出现，对公共健康构成威胁。本文总结了监测 NPS 使用和与使用相关的不良事件的最新文献。
最近采用了多种方法来监测 NPS 的使用和相关危害，包括对急诊科患者进行毒理学检测、对哨点人群进行调查、药物检测和注射器服务计划、污水流行病学以及对临床样本和毒理学报告的回顾性分析。这些研究涵盖了不同的时间段和在多个国家检测的 NPS。
未来研究的重点领域包括利用药物检测服务的数据来为非法毒品供应的监测工作提供信息，以及开发用于污水中 NPS 监测的方法。特别结合自我报告数据和毒理学检测的研究对于捕捉对 NPS（包括芬太尼和类似唑烷酮的药物）的意外或未知暴露非常重要。鉴于与药物使用和相关危害相关的个别指标的局限性，多种数据源的协调可以帮助更全面地呈现 NPS 涉及的趋势，以便更好地为公共卫生应对措施提供信息。
