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阻断 Ca/钙调蛋白与 KSR1 的相互作用可降低 ERK 的激活。

Disruption of Ca/calmodulin:KSR1 interaction lowers ERK activation.

机构信息

Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Computational Structural Biology Section, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research in the Cancer Innovation Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA.

出版信息

Protein Sci. 2024 May;33(5):e4982. doi: 10.1002/pro.4982.

Abstract

KSR1, a key scaffold protein for the MAPK pathway, facilitates ERK activation upon growth factor stimulation. We recently demonstrated that KSR1 binds the Ca-binding protein calmodulin (CaM), thereby providing an intersection between KSR1-mediated and Ca signaling. In this study, we set out to generate a KSR1 point mutant with reduced Ca/CaM binding in order to unravel the functional implications of their interaction. To do so, we solved the structural determinants of complex formation. Using purified fragments of KSR1, we showed that Ca/CaM binds to the CA3 domain of KSR1. We then used in silico molecular modeling to predict contact residues for binding. This approach identified two possible modes of interaction: (1) binding of extended Ca/CaM to a globular conformation of KSR1-CA3 via electrostatic interactions or (2) binding of collapsed Ca/CaM to α-helical KSR1-CA3 via hydrophobic interactions. Experimentally, site-directed mutagenesis of the predicted contact residues for the two binding models favored that where collapsed Ca/CaM binds to the α-helical conformation of KSR1-CA3. Importantly, replacing KSR1-Phe with Asp reduces Ca/CaM binding by 76%. The KSR1-FD mutation also significantly impairs the ability of EGF to activate ERK, which reveals that Ca/CaM binding promotes KSR1-mediated MAPK signaling. This work, by uncovering structural insight into the binding of KSR1 to Ca/CaM, identifies a KSR1 single-point mutant as a bioreagent to selectively study the crosstalk between Ca and KSR1-mediated signaling.

摘要

KSR1 是 MAPK 通路的关键支架蛋白,可促进生长因子刺激后 ERK 的激活。我们最近证明,KSR1 与钙结合蛋白钙调蛋白 (CaM) 结合,从而为 KSR1 介导的信号和 Ca 信号之间提供了一个交汇点。在这项研究中,我们着手生成一个具有降低的 Ca/CaM 结合能力的 KSR1 点突变体,以揭示它们相互作用的功能意义。为此,我们确定了复合物形成的结构决定因素。使用 KSR1 的纯化片段,我们表明 Ca/CaM 结合到 KSR1 的 CA3 结构域。然后,我们使用计算机分子建模来预测结合的接触残基。这种方法确定了两种可能的相互作用模式:(1) 通过静电相互作用将扩展的 Ca/CaM 结合到 KSR1-CA3 的球形构象,或 (2) 通过疏水相互作用将折叠的 Ca/CaM 结合到 KSR1-CA3 的α-螺旋。实验上,针对两种结合模型预测的接触残基进行定点突变,有利于折叠的 Ca/CaM 与 KSR1-CA3 的α-螺旋构象结合。重要的是,用 Asp 替换 KSR1-Phe 会使 Ca/CaM 结合减少 76%。KSR1-FD 突变也显著削弱了 EGF 激活 ERK 的能力,这表明 Ca/CaM 结合促进了 KSR1 介导的 MAPK 信号转导。这项工作通过揭示 KSR1 与 Ca/CaM 结合的结构见解,确定了 KSR1 单点突变体作为一种生物试剂,用于选择性研究 Ca 和 KSR1 介导的信号之间的串扰。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/beb5/11002989/3f31bad344aa/PRO-33-e4982-g007.jpg

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