Kurnosova Olga P, Panova Olga A, Arisov Mikhail V
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, "Federal Scientific Centre VIEV" (FSC VIEV), 117218, Russia.
Vet World. 2024 Feb;17(2):379-383. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.379-383. Epub 2024 Feb 15.
Giardiasis is a protozoal disease that is globally prevalent in dogs and cats. The clinical manifestations vary, but asymptomatic cases have also been reported. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of in domestic dogs and cats, characterize the age susceptibility to this disease, and determine the frequency of cases in which cysts are combined with stool changes.
After centrifugation in a zinc sulfate solution (specific gravity = 1.32 g/cm), feces of dogs (2761) and cats (1579) were examined microscopically. The age of the animals and the presence of coprological stool characteristics such as fecal odor, consistency, presence of mucus, and other pathological impurities were taken into account.
infection rates were 18.2% (215/1182) in dogs aged 1-12 months and 3.8% (60/1579) in dogs older than 12 months. The infection rate was 7.8% (48/615) in cats aged 1-12 months and 3.35% (33/994) in cats aged >12 months. The most frequently observed coprological abnormalities in cyst-positive animals were soft and/or mushy stool and pungent odor. In dogs, the frequency of these symptoms was 24.4% (67/275), 27.6% (76/275), and 36.4% (100/275) for soft stools, mushy stools, and pungent fecal odor, and 37.8% (31/82), 25.6% (21/82), and 19.5% (16/82), respectively. No stool changes were found when cysts were detected in dogs in 24.7% (68/275) of cases and in cats in 24.4% (20/82).
cysts are reported more frequently in domestic cats and dogs under 12 months of age than in dogs under 12 months of age. The presence of cysts is usually accompanied by a strong odor of feces and changes in their consistency. It can be concluded that it is necessary to conduct periodic surveillance for apparently healthy dogs and cats to rule out infection.
贾第虫病是一种在全球范围内犬猫中普遍存在的原生动物疾病。其临床表现各异，但也有无症状病例的报道。本研究旨在估计家犬和家猫中贾第虫的感染率，确定该疾病的年龄易感性，并确定囊肿与粪便变化同时出现的病例频率。
将犬（2761只）和猫（1579只）的粪便在硫酸锌溶液（比重 = 1.32 g/cm）中离心后进行显微镜检查。记录动物的年龄以及粪便的粪便学特征，如粪便气味、质地、是否有黏液及其他病理杂质。
1至12月龄犬的感染率为18.2%（215/1182），12月龄以上犬的感染率为3.8%（60/1579）。1至12月龄猫的感染率为7.8%（48/615），12月龄以上猫的感染率为3.35%（33/994）。囊肿阳性动物中最常观察到的粪便学异常是软便和/或稀便以及刺鼻气味。在犬中，软便、稀便和刺鼻粪便气味的出现频率分别为24.4%（67/275）、27.6%（76/275）和36.4%（100/275），在猫中分别为37.8%（31/82）、25.6%（21/82）和19.5%（16/82）。在24.7%（68/275）的犬病例和24.4%（20/82）的猫病例中，检测到贾第虫囊肿时未发现粪便变化。
12月龄以下的家猫和家犬中贾第虫囊肿的报告频率高于12月龄以上的犬。贾第虫囊肿的存在通常伴随着强烈的粪便气味和质地变化。可以得出结论，有必要对看似健康的犬猫进行定期监测，以排除贾第虫感染。
