Jamil Anjum, Yu Ze, Wang Yuxin, Xin Qing, Gao Shan, Abdul Wahab Muhammad, Han Xiaohu, Chen Zeliang
Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, China.
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sun University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Mar 26;15:1359492. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1359492. eCollection 2024.
Pakistan is an agricultural country; most of its income is based on livestock rearing. The increasing prevalence of tick-borne pathogens among animals may affect the animal production and livelihood of owners, which eventually derange the economy of a country.
To further comprehend TBPs, 213 ticks were collected from different animals, including ruminants, pets, and poultry. After molecular and phylogenetic analysis identification, ticks were managed into different pools based on their species level ( = 80, = 35, = 23, = 70, and = 5).
After tick species identification, further molecular PCR amplification was carried out to screen out the pathogens for the presence of , and enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV). The following pathogens were detected: 11 (5.16%) for , 1 (0.47%) for , and 9 (4.23%) for . Nevertheless, other TBPs that had not been reported so far in Pakistan 3 (1.41%), were positive for enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV). Besides, phylogenetic analysis of the enzootic nasal tumor virus (ENTV) strain confirmed its resemblance to the Chinese strain, while Anaplasma has comparability with Pakistan and China, with Pakistan, China, and Iran, and with India, South Africa, United States, Japan, and Spain.
This study reveals that there is a considerably wider range of TBPs held in Pakistan that take in various contagious zoonotic pathogens than was previously thought. This information advances TBP epidemiology and will contribute to upgrade future control measure.
巴基斯坦是一个农业国家；其大部分收入基于畜牧业。动物中蜱传播病原体的患病率不断上升，可能会影响动物生产和所有者的生计，最终扰乱一个国家的经济。
为了进一步了解蜱传播病原体，从不同动物身上采集了213只蜱，包括反刍动物、宠物和家禽。经过分子和系统发育分析鉴定后，根据蜱的种类水平将其分为不同的组（=80，=35，=23，=70，=5）。
在蜱种鉴定后，进一步进行分子PCR扩增，以筛选病原体是否存在，以及地方性鼻肿瘤病毒（ENTV）。检测到以下病原体：11只（5.16%）感染，1只（0.47%）感染，9只（4.23%）感染。然而，巴基斯坦迄今尚未报告的其他蜱传播病原体中有3只（1.41%）对地方性鼻肿瘤病毒（ENTV）呈阳性。此外，对地方性鼻肿瘤病毒（ENTV）毒株的系统发育分析证实其与中国毒株相似，而无形体与巴基斯坦和中国具有可比性，与巴基斯坦、中国和伊朗具有可比性，与印度、南非、美国、日本和西班牙具有可比性。
本研究表明，巴基斯坦存在的蜱传播病原体范围比以前认为的要广泛得多，包括各种传染性人畜共患病原体。这些信息推动了蜱传播病原体流行病学的发展，并将有助于改进未来的控制措施。
