Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2024 Jun;87:103131. doi: 10.1016/j.copbio.2024.103131. Epub 2024 Apr 9.
Glial cells are important in maintaining homeostasis for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). During CNS disease or after injury, glia react to altered microenvironments and often acquire altered functions that contribute to disease pathology. A major focus for research is utilizing stem cell (SC)-derived glia as a potential renewable source for cell replacement to restore function, including neuronal support, and as a model for disease states to identify therapeutic targets. In this review, we focus on SC differentiation protocols for deriving three types of glial cells, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia. These SC-derived glia can be used to identify critical cues that contribute to CNS disease progression and aid in investigation of therapeutic targets.
胶质细胞在维持中枢神经系统（CNS）神经元的内环境稳定方面起着重要作用。在 CNS 疾病或损伤后，胶质细胞会对改变的微环境做出反应，通常会获得改变的功能，从而导致疾病的病理变化。研究的一个主要重点是利用干细胞（SC）衍生的胶质细胞作为一种潜在的可再生细胞替代物来源，以恢复功能，包括神经元支持，并作为疾病状态的模型，以确定治疗靶点。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了用于分化三种类型的胶质细胞（星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和小胶质细胞）的 SC 分化方案。这些 SC 衍生的胶质细胞可用于鉴定导致 CNS 疾病进展的关键线索，并有助于研究治疗靶点。
