Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No.1 MinDe Road, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China; Huankui Academy, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2024 May 10;132:112037. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112037. Epub 2024 Apr 9.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a typical cancer that accounts for 10% of all new cancer cases annually and nearly 10% of all cancer deaths. Despite significant progress in current classical interventions for CRC, these traditional strategies could be invasive and with numerous adverse effects. The poor prognosis of CRC patients highlights the evident and pressing need for more efficient and targeted treatment. Novel strategies regarding mRNA vaccines for anti-tumor therapy have also been well-developed since the successful application for the prevention of COVID-19. mRNA vaccine technology won the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, signaling a new direction in human anti-cancer treatment: mRNA medicine. As a promising new immunotherapy in CRC and other multiple cancer treatments, the mRNA vaccine has higher specificity, better efficacy, and fewer side effects than traditional strategies. The present review outlines the basics of mRNA vaccines and their advantages over other vaccines and informs an available strategy for developing efficient mRNA vaccines for CRC precise treatment. In the future, more exploration of mRNA vaccines for CRC shall be attached, fostering innovation to address existing limitations.
结直肠癌（CRC）是一种典型的癌症，每年占所有新发癌症病例的 10%，接近所有癌症死亡人数的 10%。尽管 CRC 的当前经典干预措施取得了显著进展，但这些传统策略可能具有侵入性且存在许多不良反应。CRC 患者的预后较差，突出表明需要更有效和有针对性的治疗。自成功应用于预防 COVID-19 以来，新型 mRNA 疫苗抗肿瘤治疗策略也得到了很好的发展。mRNA 疫苗技术获得了 2023 年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，为人类抗癌治疗指明了一个新的方向：mRNA 药物。作为 CRC 和其他多种癌症治疗中一种很有前途的新型免疫疗法，mRNA 疫苗比传统策略具有更高的特异性、更好的疗效和更少的副作用。本综述概述了 mRNA 疫苗的基础知识及其相对于其他疫苗的优势，并介绍了开发用于 CRC 精准治疗的有效 mRNA 疫苗的可用策略。未来，应进一步探索 CRC 的 mRNA 疫苗，推动创新以解决现有局限性。
