Gruber Reinhard
Department of Oral Biology, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Periodontol 2000. 2025 Feb;97(1):95-103. doi: 10.1111/prd.12565. Epub 2024 Apr 10.
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is the platelet and leukocyte-containing plasmatic fraction of anticoagulated autologous blood. While evidence supporting the clinical use of PRP in dentistry is low, PRP is widely used in sports medicine, orthopedics, and dermatology. Its beneficial activity is commonly attributed to the growth factors released from platelets accumulating in PRP; however, evidence is indirect and not comprehensive. There is thus a demand to revisit PRP with respect to basic and translational science. This review is to (i) recapitulate protocols and tools to prepare PRP; (ii) to discuss the cellular and molecular composition of PRP with a focus on platelets, leukocytes, and the fibrin-rich extracellular matrix of coagulated plasma; and finally (iii) to discuss potential beneficial effects of PRP on a cellular and molecular level with an outlook on its current use in dentistry and other medical fields.
富血小板血浆（PRP）是抗凝自体血液中含有血小板和白细胞的血浆部分。虽然支持PRP在牙科临床应用的证据较少，但PRP在运动医学、骨科和皮肤科中被广泛使用。其有益作用通常归因于PRP中积累的血小板释放的生长因子；然而，证据是间接的且不全面。因此，有必要从基础科学和转化科学的角度重新审视PRP。本综述旨在：（i）概述制备PRP的方案和工具；（ii）讨论PRP的细胞和分子组成，重点关注血小板、白细胞以及凝固血浆中富含纤维蛋白的细胞外基质；最后（iii）在细胞和分子水平上讨论PRP的潜在有益作用，并展望其目前在牙科和其他医学领域的应用。
