Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India.
Post Graduate Department of Botany, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India.
IUBMB Life. 2024 Sep;76(9):592-613. doi: 10.1002/iub.2821. Epub 2024 Apr 10.
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a crucial enzyme responsible for the redox homeostasis inside the cell. As a part of the antioxidant defense system, it plays a pivotal role in the dismutation of the superoxide radicals ( ) generated mainly by the oxidative phosphorylation, which would otherwise bring out the redox dysregulation, leading to higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and, ultimately, cell transformation, and malignancy. Several studies have shown the involvement of ROS in a wide range of human cancers. As SOD is the key enzyme in regulating ROS, any change, such as a transcriptional change, epigenetic remodeling, functional alteration, and so forth, either activates the proto-oncogenes or aberrant signaling cascades, which results in cancer. Interestingly, in some cases, SODs act as tumor promoters instead of suppressors. Furthermore, SODs have also been known to switch their role during tumor progression. In this review, we have tried to give a comprehensive account of SODs multifactorial role in various human cancers so that SODs-based therapeutic strategies could be made to thwart cancers.
超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）是一种细胞内氧化还原平衡的关键酶。作为抗氧化防御系统的一部分，它在歧化主要由氧化磷酸化产生的超氧自由基（ ）中起着关键作用，否则会导致氧化还原失调，导致更高的活性氧（ROS）生成，最终导致细胞转化和恶性肿瘤。许多研究表明 ROS 参与了广泛的人类癌症。由于 SOD 是调节 ROS 的关键酶，任何变化，如转录变化、表观遗传重塑、功能改变等，都会激活原癌基因或异常信号级联，从而导致癌症。有趣的是，在某些情况下，SOD 作为肿瘤促进剂而不是抑制剂发挥作用。此外，SOD 在肿瘤进展过程中也被发现其作用发生了转换。在这篇综述中，我们试图全面描述 SOD 在各种人类癌症中的多因素作用，以便制定基于 SOD 的治疗策略来对抗癌症。
