经历多重社会压力源和自然灾害后心理健康求助行为的短期变化。

Short-term changes in mental health help-seeking behaviors following exposure to multiple social stressors and a natural disaster.

机构信息

Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone NC, 28607, USA.

Department of Geography and Planning, Appalachian State University, Boone NC, 28607, USA.

出版信息

Soc Sci Med. 2024 May;348:116843. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116843. Epub 2024 Apr 2.

Abstract

In 2020, unprecedented circumstances led to significant mental health consequences. Individuals faced mental health stressors that extended beyond the devastating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, including widespread social unrest following the murder of George Floyd, an intense hurricane season in the Atlantic, and the politically divisive 2020 election. The objective of this analysis was to consider changes in help-seeking behavior following exposure to multiple social stressors and a natural disaster. Data from Crisis Text Line (CTL), a national text-based mental health crisis counseling service, was used to determine how help-seeking behavior changed in the wake of each event. Wilcoxon rank sum tests assessed changes in help-seeking behavior for each event in 2020 as compared to the same period in 2019. AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models examined if changes in crisis conversation volumes following each event differed. Higher median conversation volumes noted for the COVID-19 pandemic (+1 to +5 conversations), Hurricane Laura (+1 to +7 conversations) and the 2020 Election (+1 to +26 conversations). ARIMA models show substantial increases in help-seeking behavior following the declaration of a national emergency for the COVID-19 pandemic (+4.3 to +38.2%) and following the 2020 election (+3 to +24.44%). Our analysis found that the mental health response following social stressors may be distinct from natural events, especially when natural disasters occur in the context of multiple social stressors. This analysis adds to the growing body of literature considering the mental health impact of exposure to multiple co-occurring societal stressors, like police violence and a global pandemic.

摘要

2020 年,前所未有的情况导致了严重的心理健康后果。个人面临的心理健康压力超出了 COVID-19 大流行的破坏性影响,包括乔治·弗洛伊德被谋杀后广泛的社会动荡、大西洋强烈的飓风季节以及政治分裂的 2020 年选举。本分析的目的是考虑在暴露于多种社会压力源和自然灾害后寻求帮助的行为变化。使用来自危机短信热线(CTL)的数据,这是一项全国性的基于文本的心理健康危机咨询服务,以确定在每次事件之后寻求帮助的行为如何变化。Wilcoxon 秩和检验评估了 2020 年与 2019 年同期相比,每次事件寻求帮助行为的变化。自回归综合移动平均(ARIMA)模型检查了每次事件后的危机对话量变化是否不同。COVID-19 大流行(+1 到+5 次对话)、飓风劳拉(+1 到+7 次对话)和 2020 年选举(+1 到+26 次对话)的中位数对话量更高。ARIMA 模型显示,COVID-19 大流行宣布国家紧急状态(+4.3 到+38.2%)和 2020 年选举后(+3 到+24.44%),寻求帮助的行为大幅增加。我们的分析发现,社会压力源后的心理健康反应可能与自然灾害不同,尤其是当自然灾害发生在多种社会压力源的背景下时。这项分析增加了越来越多的文献,考虑到暴露于多种同时发生的社会压力源(如警察暴力和全球大流行)对心理健康的影响。

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