Zacher Meghan, Raker Ethan J, Meadows Marie-Claire, Ramírez Saúl, Woods Tyler, Lowe Sarah R
Population Studies and Training Center, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
Department of Sociology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
SSM Ment Health. 2023 Dec;3:100198. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2023.100198. Epub 2023 Feb 20.
While the COVID-19 pandemic is known to have caused widespread mental health challenges, it remains unknown how the prevalence, presentation, and predictors of mental health adversity during the pandemic compare to other mass crises. We shed light on this question using longitudinal survey data (2003-2021) from 424 low-income mothers who were affected by both the pandemic and Hurricane Katrina, which struck the U.S. Gulf Coast in 2005. The prevalence of elevated posttraumatic stress symptoms was similar 1-year into the pandemic (41.6%) as 1-year post-Katrina (41.9%), while elevated psychological distress was more prevalent 1-year into the pandemic (48.3%) than 1-year post-Katrina (37.2%). Adjusted logistic regression models showed that pandemic-related bereavement, fear or worry, lapsed medical care, and economic stressors predicted mental health adversity during the pandemic. Similar exposures were associated with mental health adversity post-Katrina. Findings underscore the continued need for pandemic-related mental health services and suggest that preventing traumatic or stressful exposures may reduce the mental health impacts of future mass crises.
虽然已知新冠疫情引发了广泛的心理健康挑战，但疫情期间心理健康问题的患病率、表现及预测因素与其他大规模危机相比情况如何，仍不清楚。我们利用424名受疫情和2005年袭击美国墨西哥湾沿岸的卡特里娜飓风影响的低收入母亲的纵向调查数据（2003 - 2021年）来阐明这个问题。疫情发生1年后创伤后应激症状升高的患病率（41.6%）与卡特里娜飓风过后1年（41.9%）相似，而疫情发生1年后心理困扰加剧的情况（48.3%）比卡特里娜飓风过后1年（37.2%）更为普遍。调整后的逻辑回归模型显示，与疫情相关的丧亲之痛、恐惧或担忧、医疗护理中断以及经济压力因素可预测疫情期间的心理健康问题。类似的暴露因素与卡特里娜飓风过后的心理健康问题相关。研究结果强调了持续提供与疫情相关的心理健康服务的必要性，并表明预防创伤性或压力性暴露可能会减少未来大规模危机对心理健康的影响。
