Department of Counseling, Developmental, and Educational Psychology, Lynch School of Education and Human Development, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA.
Department of Emergency Health Services, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2024 Oct 28;18:e223. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2024.140.
The COVID-19 pandemic is a disaster event. Exposure to stressors during and after disaster events is associated with negative mental health symptoms. To inform targeted COVID-19 recovery efforts, data are needed to understand which stressors play a key role in this relationship.
Cross-sectional survey data (demographics, impacts of COVID-19, social determinants of health, depression, and anxiety) were collected online from adults living in New York state between May and June 2020. Differences in the proportion of stressors (COVID-19 and social determinants) experienced by race/ethnicity were assessed using chi-square analyses. Logistic regression was used to assess which factors were associated with increased odds of depression and anxiety.
A majority ( = 258, 62.2%) of the 415 respondents reported being directly impacted by the pandemic. Non-white respondents reported a significantly larger proportion of stressors compared to white respondents. Under half of respondents reported depression ( = 171, 41.2%) and anxiety ( = 164, 39.5%). Healthcare and food concerns were associated with increased odds of depression and anxiety, and economic concerns were associated with increased odds of anxiety.
Findings underscore the need to respond to the COVID-19 mental health crisis by addressing social determinants of health.
新冠疫情是一场灾难事件。在灾难事件期间和之后，接触压力源与负面心理健康症状有关。为了为有针对性的新冠疫情恢复工作提供信息，需要了解哪些压力源在这种关系中起关键作用的数据。
2020 年 5 月至 6 月期间，通过在线方式从居住在纽约州的成年人那里收集了横断面调查数据（人口统计学、新冠疫情影响、健康的社会决定因素、抑郁和焦虑）。使用卡方分析评估了不同种族/族裔经历的压力源（新冠疫情和社会决定因素）比例的差异。使用逻辑回归评估了哪些因素与抑郁和焦虑的几率增加相关。
415 名受访者中的大多数（ = 258，62.2%）报告称直接受到疫情的影响。与白人受访者相比，非白人受访者报告的压力源比例明显更大。不到一半的受访者报告了抑郁（ = 171，41.2%）和焦虑（ = 164，39.5%）。医疗保健和食品问题与抑郁和焦虑几率增加相关，而经济问题与焦虑几率增加相关。
这些发现强调了通过解决健康的社会决定因素来应对新冠疫情心理健康危机的必要性。
