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在不考虑卵巢激素的情况下,缺失 ADAM15 的雌性小鼠的压力超负荷性心肌病并未恶化。

Loss of ADAM15 in female mice does not worsen pressure overload cardiomyopathy, independent of ovarian hormones.

机构信息

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

出版信息

Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2024 Aug 1;327(2):H409-H416. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.00116.2024. Epub 2024 Apr 12.

Abstract

Cardiac hypertrophy is a common feature in several cardiomyopathies. We previously reported that loss of ADAM15 (disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15) worsened cardiac hypertrophy and dilated cardiomyopathy following cardiac pressure overload. Here, we investigated the impact of ADAM15 loss in female mice following cardiac pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Female Adam15 mice developed the same degree of cardiac hypertrophy, dilation, and dysfunction as the parallel female wild-type (WT) mice at 6 wk post-TAC. To determine if this is due to the protective effects of estrogen, which could mask the negative impact of loss, WT and mice underwent ovariectomy (OVx) 2 wk before TAC. Cardiac structure and function analyses were performed at 6 wk post-TAC. OVx similarly impacted females of both genotypes post-TAC. Calcineurin (Cn) activity was increased post-OVx-TAC, and more in mice; however, this increase was not reflected in the total-to-phospho-NFAT levels. Integrin-α expression, which was upstream of Cn activation in male -TAC mice, remained unchanged in female mice. However, activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK, JNK, P38) was greater in -OVx-TAC than in WT-OVx-TAC mice. In addition, ADAM15 protein levels were significantly increased post-TAC in male but not in female WT mice. Myocardial fibrosis was comparable in non-OVx WT-TAC and -TAC mice. OVx increased the perivascular fibrosis more in compared with WT mice post-TAC. Our data demonstrate that loss of ovarian hormones did not fully replicate the male phenotype in the female mice post-TAC. As ADAM15 levels were increased in males but not in females post-TAC, it is plausible that ADAM15 does not play a prominent role in post-TAC events in female mice. Our findings highlight the significance of factors other than sex hormones in mediating cardiomyopathies in females, which require a more thorough understanding. Loss of ADAM15 in female mice, unlike the male mice, does not worsen the cardiomyopathy following cardiac pressure overload. Ovariectomy does not worsen the post-TAC cardiomyopathy in female mice compared with female WT mice. Lack of deleterious impact of deficiency in female mice is not because of the protective effects of ovarian hormones but could be due to a less prominent role of ADAM15 in cardiac response to post-TAC remodeling in female mice.

摘要

心肌肥厚是几种心肌病的共同特征。我们之前的研究报道,ADAM15(解整合素和金属蛋白酶 15)缺失会加重心脏压力超负荷后的心肌肥厚和扩张型心肌病。在这里,我们研究了 ADAM15 缺失对心脏压力超负荷诱导的横主动脉缩窄(TAC)后雌性小鼠的影响。雌性 Adam15 小鼠在 TAC 后 6 周时发展出与平行的雌性野生型(WT)小鼠相同程度的心肌肥厚、扩张和功能障碍。为了确定这是否是由于雌激素的保护作用,这可能掩盖了缺失的负面影响,WT 和 小鼠在 TAC 前 2 周进行卵巢切除术(OVx)。在 TAC 后 6 周时进行心脏结构和功能分析。OVx 对两种基因型的雌性小鼠在 TAC 后也有类似的影响。钙调神经磷酸酶(Cn)活性在 OVx-TAC 后增加,在 小鼠中增加更多;然而,这种增加并没有反映在总-NFAT 水平的磷酸化水平上。整合素-α表达,这是雄性 -TAC 小鼠中 Cn 激活的上游,在雌性小鼠中保持不变。然而,丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(ERK、JNK、P38)的激活在 -OVx-TAC 小鼠中比在 WT-OVx-TAC 小鼠中更大。此外,ADAM15 蛋白水平在 TAC 后雄性 WT 小鼠中显著增加,但在雌性 WT 小鼠中没有增加。非 OVx WT-TAC 和 -TAC 小鼠的心肌纤维化无差异。OVx 在 TAC 后增加了血管周围纤维化,在 小鼠中比 WT 小鼠更明显。我们的数据表明,卵巢激素的缺失并没有完全复制 TAC 后雌性 小鼠的雄性表型。由于 ADAM15 水平在雄性小鼠中增加而在雌性小鼠中不增加,因此 ADAM15 在 TAC 后雌性小鼠中的作用可能不显著。我们的研究结果强调了除性激素以外的因素在介导女性心肌病中的重要性,这需要更深入的了解。与雄性小鼠不同,雌性 小鼠中 ADAM15 的缺失不会加重心脏压力超负荷后的心肌病。与雌性 WT 小鼠相比,OVx 不会加重 TAC 后雌性 小鼠的心肌病。雌性小鼠中 缺乏的有害影响不是由于卵巢激素的保护作用,而是可能由于 ADAM15 在雌性小鼠心脏对 TAC 后重塑的反应中作用不明显。

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