1Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Veterinary Medical Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI.
2Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2024 Apr 12;262(8):1047-1054. doi: 10.2460/javma.24.02.0092. Print 2024 Aug 1.
The goal of this study was to describe the historical, physical, neurologic, and clinicopathologic findings in dogs with a definitive diagnosis of marijuana/tetrahydrocannabinol toxicity.
A total of 223 dogs with known ingestion of marijuana or a positive tetrahydrocannabinol result on human urine multidrug test.
Retrospective study from January 2017 to July 2021.
Median age was 1 year (1 month to 12 years). A common history was becoming acutely neurologic after going outside or to a public place (62/223 [27.8%]). Most owners denied possibility of exposure (152/223 [68%]). Median vitals were normal, but hyperthermia (38/212 [22.6%]), tachycardia (82/222 [37%]), and systemic hypertension (37/61 [60.7%]) were common abnormalities. The most common clinical signs included ataxia (197/223 [88.3%]), hyperesthesia (168/223 [75.3%]), urinary incontinence (102/223 [45.7%]), lethargy (140/223 [62.5%]), and vomiting (58/223 [26%]). The most common combinations of neurologic signs included ataxia and hyperesthesia (157/223 [70.4%]) and ataxia, hyperesthesia, and urinary incontinence (81/223 [36.3%]). Mild hyperkalemia (39/76 [51.3%]) and mild hypercalcemia (53/67 [79.1%]) were common. Twenty-two dogs were hospitalized. Survival was 100%.
A common presentation for marijuana toxicosis included young dogs with acute ataxia and hyperesthesia, with and without urinary incontinence, after going outside or to a public place. Vitals were often normal, but hyperthermia, tachycardia, and hypertension were common. Bloodwork was mostly normal, but mild hyperkalemia and mild ionized hypercalcemia were common. Marijuana should be high on the differential list with these history, physical examination, neurologic, and electrolyte abnormalities, regardless of owner denial or negative human urine multidrug test.
本研究旨在描述明确诊断为大麻/四氢大麻酚毒性的犬只的历史、体格检查、神经学和临床病理发现。
223 只已知摄入大麻或人类尿液多药物检测呈四氢大麻酚阳性的犬。
2017 年 1 月至 2021 年 7 月的回顾性研究。
中位年龄为 1 岁（1 个月至 12 岁）。常见的病史是外出或前往公共场所后突然出现神经症状（62/223[27.8%]）。大多数主人否认有暴露的可能（152/223[68%]）。中位数生命体征正常，但高热（38/212[22.6%]）、心动过速（82/222[37%]）和全身高血压（37/61[60.7%]）常见异常。最常见的临床症状包括共济失调（197/223[88.3%]）、感觉过敏（168/223[75.3%]）、尿失禁（102/223[45.7%]）、嗜睡（140/223[62.5%]）和呕吐（58/223[26%]）。最常见的神经症状组合包括共济失调和感觉过敏（157/223[70.4%]）和共济失调、感觉过敏和尿失禁（81/223[36.3%]）。轻度高钾血症（39/76[51.3%]）和轻度离子钙高血症（53/67[79.1%]）常见。22 只狗住院治疗。存活率为 100%。
大麻中毒的常见表现包括年轻犬只在外出或前往公共场所后出现急性共济失调和感觉过敏，伴有或不伴有尿失禁。生命体征通常正常，但高热、心动过速和高血压常见。血液检查大多正常，但轻度高钾血症和轻度离子钙高血症常见。无论主人否认或人类尿液多药物检测呈阴性，只要有这些病史、体检、神经学和电解质异常，大麻都应作为鉴别诊断的首要考虑。
