Heimdahl A, Kager L, Nord C E
Scand J Infect Dis Suppl. 1985;44:52-8.
Phenoxymethylpenicillin, bacampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, doxycycline and tinidazole were given perorally for 7 days to a total of 56 subjects. Concentrations of antimicrobials in serum, saliva and faeces were determined daily, as were viable counts of different aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms in the oropharyngeal and colon microflora. Clindamycin, erythromycin, doxycycline and tinidazole were detected in saliva. Clindamycin, erythromycin and doxycycline were also detected in high concentrations in faeces. Phenoxymethylpenicillin, bacampicillin, tinidazole and doxycycline did only induce small changes in the oropharyngeal and colon microflora, while distinct suppression of anaerobic bacteria was observed in the oropharynx and colon when clindamycin was administered. Erythromycin decreased the numbers of aerobic bacteria in oropharynx and both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in colon. Both clindamycin and erythromycin induced new colonization of the oropharynx and colon by potentially pathogenic Gram-negative enteric rods and fungi as well as toxin-producing clostridia.
将苯氧甲基青霉素、巴氨西林、克林霉素、红霉素、多西环素和替硝唑口服给药7天，共治疗56名受试者。每天测定血清、唾液和粪便中的抗菌药物浓度，以及口咽部和结肠微生物群中不同需氧菌和厌氧菌的活菌计数。在唾液中检测到了克林霉素、红霉素、多西环素和替硝唑。在粪便中也检测到高浓度的克林霉素、红霉素和多西环素。苯氧甲基青霉素、巴氨西林、替硝唑和多西环素仅对口咽部和结肠微生物群产生微小变化，而在使用克林霉素时，口咽部和结肠中观察到厌氧菌明显受到抑制。红霉素减少了口咽部需氧菌的数量以及结肠中需氧菌和厌氧菌的数量。克林霉素和红霉素均导致口咽部和结肠被潜在致病性革兰氏阴性肠道杆菌、真菌以及产毒素梭菌重新定植。
