Miner Adam S, Fleming Scott L, Haque Albert, Fries Jason A, Althoff Tim, Wilfley Denise E, Agras W Stewart, Milstein Arnold, Hancock Jeff, Asch Steven M, Stirman Shannon Wiltsey, Arnow Bruce A, Shah Nigam H
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Npj Ment Health Res. 2022 Dec 2;1(1):19. doi: 10.1038/s44184-022-00020-9.
Although individual psychotherapy is generally effective for a range of mental health conditions, little is known about the moment-to-moment language use of effective therapists. Increased access to computational power, coupled with a rise in computer-mediated communication (telehealth), makes feasible the large-scale analyses of language use during psychotherapy. Transparent methodological approaches are lacking, however. Here we present novel methods to increase the efficiency of efforts to examine language use in psychotherapy. We evaluate three important aspects of therapist language use - timing, responsiveness, and consistency - across five clinically relevant language domains: pronouns, time orientation, emotional polarity, therapist tactics, and paralinguistic style. We find therapist language is dynamic within sessions, responds to patient language, and relates to patient symptom diagnosis but not symptom severity. Our results demonstrate that analyzing therapist language at scale is feasible and may help answer longstanding questions about specific behaviors of effective therapists.
尽管个体心理治疗通常对一系列心理健康状况有效，但对于有效治疗师的即时语言使用情况却知之甚少。计算能力的提升，再加上计算机介导沟通（远程医疗）的兴起，使得大规模分析心理治疗期间的语言使用成为可能。然而，目前缺乏透明的方法。在此，我们提出了新颖的方法来提高心理治疗中语言使用研究的效率。我们在五个临床相关的语言领域评估治疗师语言使用的三个重要方面——时机、反应性和一致性：代词、时间取向、情感极性、治疗师策略和副语言风格。我们发现治疗师的语言在会话中是动态的，对患者的语言做出反应，并与患者的症状诊断相关，但与症状严重程度无关。我们的结果表明，大规模分析治疗师的语言是可行的，并且可能有助于回答有关有效治疗师特定行为的长期问题。
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