NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, University of Mons, 19 Avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 Rue Adrienne Boland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
Molecules. 2024 Apr 5;29(7):1639. doi: 10.3390/molecules29071639.
The administration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) has been conducted since 1988 by clinicians to enhance the clarity and interpretability of MR images. CAs based on gadolinium chelates are the clinical standard used worldwide for the diagnosis of various pathologies, such as the detection of brain lesions, the visualization of blood vessels, and the assessment of soft tissue disorders. However, due to ongoing concerns associated with the safety of gadolinium-based contrast agents, considerable efforts have been directed towards developing contrast agents with better relaxivities, reduced toxicity, and eventually combined therapeutic modalities. In this context, grafting (or encapsulating) paramagnetic metals or chelates onto (within) carbon-based nanoparticles is a straightforward approach enabling the production of contrast agents with high relaxivities while providing extensive tuneability regarding the functionalization of the nanoparticles. Here, we provide an overview of the parameters defining the efficacy of lanthanide-based contrast agents and the subsequent developments in the field of nanoparticular-based contrast agents incorporating paramagnetic species.
自 1988 年以来，临床医生一直在使用磁共振成像（MRI）造影剂（CA）来增强 MRI 图像的清晰度和可解释性。基于钆螯合物的 CA 是全球用于诊断各种病理的临床标准，例如检测脑部病变、血管可视化和软组织疾病评估。然而，由于与基于钆的造影剂安全性相关的持续关注，人们已经做出了相当大的努力来开发具有更好弛豫率、降低毒性的造影剂，并最终结合治疗方式。在这种情况下，将顺磁金属或螯合物嫁接到（或封装到）基于碳的纳米颗粒上是一种简单的方法，可以生产具有高弛豫率的造影剂，同时还可以对纳米颗粒的功能化进行广泛的调整。在这里，我们概述了定义基于镧系元素的造影剂功效的参数，以及随后在包含顺磁物质的基于纳米颗粒的造影剂领域的发展。
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