Harlow Michael, Torremorell Montserrat, Rademacher Cristopher J, Gebhardt Jordan, Holck Tyler, Linhares Leticia C M, Main Rodger G, Trevisan Giovani
College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Apr 8;14(7):1134. doi: 10.3390/ani14071134.
Biosecurity practices aim to reduce the frequency of disease outbreaks in a farm, region, or country and play a pivotal role in fortifying the country's pork industry against emerging threats, particularly foreign animal diseases (FADs). This article addresses the current biosecurity landscape of the US swine industry by summarizing the biosecurity practices reported by the producers through the United States Swine Health Improvement Plan (US SHIP) enrollment surveys, and it provides a general assessment of practices implemented. US SHIP is a voluntary, collaborative effort between industry, state, and federal entities regarding health certification programs for the swine industry. With 12,195 sites surveyed across 31 states, the study provides a comprehensive snapshot of current biosecurity practices. Key findings include variability by site types that have completed Secure Pork Supply plans, variability in outdoor access and presence of perimeter fencing, and diverse farm entry protocols for visitors. The data also reflect the industry's response to the threat of FADs, exemplified by the implementation of the US SHIP in 2020. As the US SHIP program advances, these insights will guide industry stakeholders in refining biosecurity practices, fostering endemic re-emerging and FAD preparedness, and ensuring the sustainability of the swine industry in the face of evolving challenges.
生物安全措施旨在减少农场、地区或国家疾病爆发的频率，并在加强该国猪肉行业抵御新出现威胁（特别是外来动物疾病）方面发挥关键作用。本文通过总结生产者通过美国猪健康改善计划（US SHIP）登记调查所报告的生物安全措施，阐述了美国养猪业当前的生物安全状况，并对所实施的措施进行了总体评估。US SHIP是行业、州和联邦实体之间就养猪业健康认证计划开展的一项自愿合作行动。该研究对31个州的12195个场所进行了调查，全面呈现了当前的生物安全措施情况。主要发现包括已完成安全猪肉供应计划的场所类型存在差异、户外通道和围栏设置存在差异，以及针对访客的不同农场进入协议。这些数据还反映了该行业对外来动物疾病威胁的应对情况，2020年实施的US SHIP就是例证。随着US SHIP计划的推进，这些见解将指导行业利益相关者完善生物安全措施，增强对地方病再次出现和外来动物疾病的防范能力，并确保养猪业在不断变化的挑战面前的可持续性。
