Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
Nutrients. 2024 Mar 27;16(7):972. doi: 10.3390/nu16070972.
Water intake and hydration status may potentially influence maternal and child health. However, there is little research regarding this topic.
This study aimed to investigate pregnant women's total fluid intake (TFI) levels, hydration status, and body composition and further explore their relationship with infant birth weight.
A 7-day, 24 h fluid intake recorded was applied to determine participants' TFI levels. Morning urine samples were collected and tested to evaluate their hydration status. Maternal body compositions in their third trimester and infant birth weights were measured.
A total of 380 participants completed the study. The TFI was insufficient for pregnant women during their third trimester (median = 1574 mL), with only 12.1% of participants meeting the recommended adequate fluid intake level for pregnant women living in China (1.7 L per day). With the increasing TFI values, the urine osmolality decreased, which showed statistical significance among the four groups (χ = 22.637, < 0.05). The participants displayed a poor hydration status. Meanwhile, the percentage of participants who were in dehydrated status decreased (χ = 67.618, < 0.05), while body water content and basal metabolic rate increased with the increase in TFI levels (χ = 20.784, < 0.05; χ = 14.026, < 0.05). There were positive linear relationships between plain water intake, the basal metabolic rate of pregnant women and their infant birth weight (SE = 0.153, < 0.05; SE = 0.076, < 0.05).
Water intake was insufficient, and poor hydration status was common among pregnant women in China. There may be potential relationships between plain water intake, basal metabolic rate, and infant birth weight.
水分摄入和身体水分状况可能会影响母婴健康。然而，关于这一主题的研究甚少。
本研究旨在调查孕妇的总液体摄入量（TFI）水平、身体水分状况和身体成分，并进一步探讨它们与婴儿出生体重的关系。
采用 7 天 24 小时液体摄入记录来确定参与者的 TFI 水平。采集早晨尿液样本并进行测试，以评估其身体水分状况。在孕晚期测量母体身体成分和婴儿出生体重。
共有 380 名参与者完成了研究。孕妇在孕晚期的 TFI 不足（中位数=1574 毫升），只有 12.1%的参与者符合中国孕妇推荐的充足液体摄入量（每天 1.7 升）。随着 TFI 值的增加，尿液渗透压降低，在四组间差异具有统计学意义（χ=22.637，<0.05）。参与者的身体水分状况较差。同时，处于脱水状态的参与者比例随着 TFI 水平的增加而降低（χ=67.618，<0.05），而身体水分含量和基础代谢率随着 TFI 水平的增加而增加（χ=20.784，<0.05；χ=14.026，<0.05）。孕妇的白开水摄入量、基础代谢率与婴儿出生体重呈正线性关系（SE=0.153，<0.05；SE=0.076，<0.05）。
中国孕妇的水分摄入不足，身体水分状况普遍较差。白开水摄入量、基础代谢率与婴儿出生体重之间可能存在潜在关系。
