Lacoste-Collin Laetitia
MEDIPATH Toulouse feuillants, Hélios 3, 116, route d'Espagne, 31100 Toulouse, France.
Ann Pathol. 2024 May;44(3):195-203. doi: 10.1016/j.annpat.2024.03.003. Epub 2024 Apr 12.
Urinary cytology using the Paris system is still the method of choice for screening high-grade urothelial carcinomas. However, the use of the objective criteria described in this terminology shows a lack of inter- and intra-observer reproducibility. Moreover, if its sensitivity is excellent on instrumented urine, it remains insufficient on voided urine samples. Urinary cytology appears to be an excellent model for the application of artificial intelligence to improve performance, since the objective criteria of the Paris system are defined at cellular level, and the resulting diagnostic approach is presented in a highly "algorithmic" way. Nevertheless, there is no commercially available morphological diagnostic aid, and very few predictive devices are still undergoing clinical validation. The analysis of different systems using artificial intelligence in urinary cytology rises clear prospects for mutual contributions.
使用巴黎系统的尿液细胞学检查仍是筛查高级别尿路上皮癌的首选方法。然而，使用该术语中描述的客观标准显示观察者间和观察者内的可重复性不足。此外，虽然其对仪器检测尿液的敏感性极佳，但对自然排尿尿液样本的敏感性仍不足。尿液细胞学检查似乎是应用人工智能来提高性能的一个极佳模型，因为巴黎系统的客观标准是在细胞水平定义的，并且由此产生的诊断方法以高度“算法化”的方式呈现。然而，目前尚无商业可用的形态学诊断辅助工具，仍在进行临床验证的预测设备也很少。对尿液细胞学中使用人工智能的不同系统进行分析，有望实现相互促进。
