Avizov Khodak Evgenia
Maccabi Healthcare Services, Pediatric Radiology Department, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center.
Harefuah. 2024 Apr;163(4):217-219.
Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by the absence of one thyroid lobe and the isthmus. This case report presents a 4-year-old girl with a history of prematurity. Incidentally, during a routine ultrasound evaluation of the neck, thyroid hemiagenesis was detected along with the presence of normal lymph nodes. The right thyroid lobe was absent, while the left thyroid lobe was preserved. No previous neck or thyroid surgeries were reported.
This provides an overview of thyroid hemiagenesis, including its prevalence, predominant involvement of the left lobe, possible genetic and environmental factors, and associations with thyroid and extrathyroidal pathologies. Imaging modalities, such as ultrasound and scintigraphy, play a crucial role in diagnosing thyroid hemiagenesis and identifying additional thyroid gland abnormalities. Long-term follow-up and careful monitoring are recommended to assess thyroid function and identify potential structural abnormalities. The optimal therapeutic approach for thyroid hemiagenesis remains controversial, and further studies are needed to determine the clinical significance and long-term outcomes of this rare condition.
甲状腺半侧缺如是一种罕见的先天性异常，其特征为一侧甲状腺叶及峡部缺如。本病例报告介绍了一名有早产史的4岁女孩。在颈部常规超声检查时，偶然发现甲状腺半侧缺如，同时伴有正常淋巴结。右侧甲状腺叶缺如，左侧甲状腺叶保留。既往无颈部或甲状腺手术史。
本文概述了甲状腺半侧缺如，包括其患病率、左侧叶受累为主、可能的遗传和环境因素，以及与甲状腺和甲状腺外疾病的关联。超声和闪烁扫描等影像学检查在诊断甲状腺半侧缺如及识别其他甲状腺异常方面起着关键作用。建议进行长期随访和仔细监测，以评估甲状腺功能并识别潜在的结构异常。甲状腺半侧缺如的最佳治疗方法仍存在争议，需要进一步研究以确定这种罕见疾病的临床意义和长期预后。
