Institute of Immunology, Christian-Albrechts University and University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Institute of Immunology, UKSH Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Eur J Immunol. 2024 Jul;54(7):e2451028. doi: 10.1002/eji.202451028. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) is a potent antioxidant and a cofactor for various enzymes including histone demethylases and methylcytosine dioxygenases. Vitamin C also exerts direct cytotoxicity toward selected tumor cells including colorectal carcinoma. Moreover, vitamin C has been shown to impact immune cell differentiation at various levels including maturation and/or functionality of T cells and their progenitors, dendritic cells, B cells, and NK cells. γδ T cells have recently attracted great interest as effector cells for cell-based cancer immunotherapy, due to their HLA-independent recognition of a large variety of tumor cells. While γδ T cells can thus be also applied as an allogeneic off-the-shelf product, it is obvious that the effector function of γδ T cells needs to be optimized to ensure the best possible clinical efficacy. Here we review the immunomodulatory mechanisms of vitamin C with a special focus on how vitamin C enhances the effector function of γδ T cells. We also discuss future directions of how vitamin C can be used in the clinical setting to boost the efficacy of adoptive cell therapies.
维生素 C（抗坏血酸）是一种强效抗氧化剂，也是多种酶的辅助因子，包括组蛋白去甲基化酶和甲基胞嘧啶双加氧酶。维生素 C 还对包括结直肠癌在内的某些肿瘤细胞具有直接细胞毒性。此外，维生素 C 已被证明在多个层面上影响免疫细胞的分化，包括 T 细胞及其前体细胞、树突状细胞、B 细胞和 NK 细胞的成熟和/或功能。γδ T 细胞由于其对多种肿瘤细胞的 HLA 非依赖性识别，最近作为基于细胞的癌症免疫治疗的效应细胞引起了极大的兴趣。虽然 γδ T 细胞也可以作为同种异体即用型产品应用，但显然需要优化 γδ T 细胞的效应功能，以确保获得最佳的临床疗效。本文综述了维生素 C 的免疫调节机制，特别关注维生素 C 如何增强 γδ T 细胞的效应功能。我们还讨论了在临床环境中使用维生素 C 来提高过继细胞疗法疗效的未来方向。
