Zhao Lu, Hu Haoran, Zhang Lin, Liu Zheting, Huang Yunchao, Liu Qian, Jin Liang, Zhu Meifei, Zhang Ling
Department of Biology and Medicine College of Life Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China.
National Demonstration Center for Experimental Traditional Chinese Medicines Education (Zhejiang Chinese Medical University) College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou China.
MedComm (2020). 2024 Apr 12;5(4):e516. doi: 10.1002/mco2.516. eCollection 2024 Apr.
At present, diabetes mellitus (DM) has been one of the most endangering healthy diseases. Current therapies contain controlling high blood sugar, reducing risk factors like obesity, hypertension, and so on; however, DM patients inevitably and eventually progress into different types of diabetes complications, resulting in poor quality of life. Unfortunately, the clear etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes complications have not been elucidated owing to intricate whole-body systems. The immune system was responsible to regulate homeostasis by triggering or resolving inflammatory response, indicating it may be necessary to diabetes complications. In fact, previous studies have been shown inflammation plays multifunctional roles in the pathogenesis of diabetes complications and is attracting attention to be the meaningful therapeutic strategy. To this end, this review systematically concluded the current studies over the relationships of susceptible diabetes complications (e.g., diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and diabetic nephropathy) and inflammation, ranging from immune cell response, cytokines interaction to pathomechanism of organ injury. Besides, we also summarized various therapeutic strategies to improve diabetes complications by target inflammation from special remedies to conventional lifestyle changes. This review will offer a panoramic insight into the mechanisms of diabetes complications from an inflammatory perspective and also discuss contemporary clinical interventions.
目前，糖尿病已成为最危及健康的疾病之一。当前的治疗方法包括控制高血糖、降低肥胖、高血压等风险因素；然而，糖尿病患者不可避免地最终会发展为不同类型的糖尿病并发症，导致生活质量下降。不幸的是，由于全身系统错综复杂，糖尿病并发症的确切病因和发病机制尚未阐明。免疫系统负责通过触发或解决炎症反应来调节体内平衡，这表明其可能与糖尿病并发症有关。事实上，先前的研究表明炎症在糖尿病并发症的发病机制中发挥着多种作用，并正吸引人们关注其作为有意义的治疗策略。为此，本综述系统地总结了当前关于易患糖尿病并发症（如糖尿病心肌病、糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病周围神经病变和糖尿病肾病）与炎症之间关系的研究，范围从免疫细胞反应、细胞因子相互作用到器官损伤的发病机制。此外，我们还总结了各种通过针对炎症来改善糖尿病并发症的治疗策略，从特殊疗法到传统的生活方式改变。本综述将从炎症角度全面深入地探讨糖尿病并发症的机制，并讨论当代临床干预措施。
