Alqahtani Qamraa H, ALMatrafi Tahani A, Badr Amira M, Alturaif Sumayya A, Mohammed Raeesa, Siyal Abdulaziz, Hasan Iman H
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2925, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia.
Biomolecules. 2025 Jul 30;15(8):1104. doi: 10.3390/biom15081104.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health challenge marked by chronic hyperglycemia, which can result in complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Sitagliptin, an oral anti-hyperglycemic drug, has demonstrated efficacy in alleviating cardiovascular complications associated with DM. This study explored the impact of Sitagliptin's potential as a therapeutic agent, functioning not only to control blood sugar levels but also to enhance vascular health and strengthen cardiac resilience in diabetes. The investigation focused on alterations in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor-1 (FLT-1) signaling pathways, as well as its potential to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress. A number of rats received a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ) 55 mg/kg (i.p.) to induce DM. Sitagliptin was administered orally (100 mg/kg/90 days) to normal and diabetic rats, after which samples were collected for investigation. Sitagliptin significantly mitigated weight loss in diabetic rats. Its administration significantly reduced blood glucose levels and improved serum troponin I and CK-MB levels. Heart sections from diabetic rats showed a marked increase in mTOR, VEGF, and FLT-1 immune reaction, while sitagliptin-treated diabetic rats' heart sections showed moderate immune reactions. Sitagliptin's protective effect was also associated with reduced inflammation, and apoptotic markers. In conclusion, Sitagliptin is suggested to offer beneficial effects on the vascular health of cardiac blood vessels, thereby potentially reducing myocardial stress in diabetic patients.
糖尿病（DM）是一项全球性的健康挑战，其特征为慢性高血糖，可导致诸如糖尿病性心肌病等并发症。西他列汀是一种口服抗高血糖药物，已证明在减轻与糖尿病相关的心血管并发症方面具有疗效。本研究探讨了西他列汀作为治疗剂的潜力所产生的影响，其作用不仅在于控制血糖水平，还在于改善血管健康并增强糖尿病患者的心脏韧性。该研究聚焦于血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）及其受体-1（FLT-1）信号通路的变化，以及其抑制炎症和氧化应激的潜力。若干只大鼠接受55 mg/kg（腹腔注射）的单剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）以诱导糖尿病。将西他列汀口服给予正常大鼠和糖尿病大鼠（100 mg/kg/90天），之后收集样本进行研究。西他列汀显著减轻了糖尿病大鼠的体重减轻。其给药显著降低了血糖水平，并改善了血清肌钙蛋白I和肌酸激酶同工酶MB水平。糖尿病大鼠的心脏切片显示mTOR、VEGF和FLT-1免疫反应显著增加，而经西他列汀治疗的糖尿病大鼠的心脏切片显示免疫反应中等。西他列汀的保护作用还与炎症减轻和凋亡标志物减少有关。总之，建议西他列汀对心脏血管的血管健康具有有益作用，从而可能减轻糖尿病患者的心肌应激。
