Ocran Irene, Tagoe Daniel Nii Aryee
Department of Laboratory Technology, College of Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Medical Laboratory Section, College of Science, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2014 Apr;4(2):135-139. doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(14)60330-3.
To assess knowledge and attitude of healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients on healthcare associated infections (HAIs) in the central regional hospital in Ghana.
The purposive random sampling method was used to administer questionnaires over a period of 6 months to HCWs and patients visiting the hospital.
A total of 210 patients and 71 HCWs were sampled. One hundred and three (53.8%) patients had some knowledge of HAIs with 52 (28.4%) being informed by a HCW compared with 63 (88.7%) of HCWs who were well informed about HAIs. Ninety-seven (46.2%) responding patient always washed their hands while 65 (31%) and 48 (22.9%) respectively sometimes or never washed their hands within or after leaving the hospital. Out of those who washed their hands, 64 (39.5%) always washed with soap while 46 (28.4%) did sometimes. This positively and significantly correlated (r=0.440, <0.001) with knowledge on HAIs which was however insignificant in HCWs (r=0.025, =0.835). As many as 48 (67.6%) of HCWs believed that authorities in the hospital had done little to prevent HAIs with the main reason being that the hospital was unclean. Whereas, 112 (53.3%) of patients considered the hospital clean. Twenty-seven (38%) of HCWs had had confirmed HAIs of which cholera made up 12 (16.9%) while 94 (44.8%) of patients believed they had had unconfirmed HAIs.
Although knowledge on HAIs is adequate, low compliance on preventive techniques resulting in high HAIs indicates attitudinal change is the best means of prevention.
评估加纳中部地区医院医护人员和患者对医疗相关感染（HAIs）的知识和态度。
采用目的随机抽样法，在6个月的时间里对到该医院就诊的医护人员和患者进行问卷调查。
共抽取了210名患者和71名医护人员。103名（53.8%）患者对医疗相关感染有一定了解，其中52名（28.4%）是由医护人员告知的；相比之下，63名（88.7%）医护人员对医疗相关感染非常了解。97名（46.2%）有回应的患者总是洗手，而65名（31%）和48名（22.9%）患者在医院内或离开医院后有时洗手或从不洗手。在洗手的患者中，64名（39.5%）总是用肥皂洗手，46名（28.4%）有时用肥皂洗手。这与对医疗相关感染的了解呈正相关且具有显著意义（r=0.440，<0.001），然而在医护人员中这种相关性不显著（r=0.025，=0.835）。多达48名（67.6%）医护人员认为医院当局在预防医疗相关感染方面做得很少，主要原因是医院不干净。而112名（53.3%）患者认为医院干净。27名（38%）医护人员曾确诊感染医疗相关感染，其中霍乱占12例（16.9%），而94名（44.8%）患者认为自己曾感染未确诊的医疗相关感染。
虽然对医疗相关感染的知识足够，但预防技术依从性低导致医疗相关感染率高，这表明态度转变是最佳预防手段。
