Wuxi Meteorological Bureau, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disaster (CIC-FEMD), Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education, Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
PLoS One. 2024 Apr 16;19(4):e0299468. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299468. eCollection 2024.
In this paper, a daily gridded observation data across China from 1961 to 2022 were used to calculate daily potential evapotranspiration (PET). The observed variables included daily temperature, sunshine hours, average wind speed, and average relative humidity. PET was determined using the Penman-Monteith method recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The long-term trend of PET was investigated in six regions of China during different seasons. To further compressed the influence of various meteorological factors on the PET trend, the contribution of each meteorological element to the long-term trend of PET was analyzed. The results indicate the following: (1) PET reaches its peak during summer which values from 145 to 640 mm, while it is lowest during winter from 21 to 244 mm. (2) The spatial patterns of PET trend changes are relatively similar across the four seasons, characterized by a decrease in the eastern regions and an increase in the western regions. The reduction is most significant during the summer and the range of trend is from -2.04 to 1.48 mm/day, while the increase becomes more pronounced in the winter which trend is from -0.34 to 0.53 mm/day. (3) The contribution of factors varies significantly across different regions. In spring and autumn, RH and U have little difference in contribution from other factors. But tsun is varies different from regions, the contribution value is largest in the northwest and smallest in the northeast. However, during summer, tsun become the most significant contributor in the YZ and SE regions, while in winter, Tm emerges as the most significant contributor to the PET trend in all six subregions. In SW, the contribution from U2 is the smallest in all seasons, with RH and Tm being the two crucial factors determining the PET trend in this region.
本文使用了 1961 年至 2022 年中国各地的逐日网格化观测数据来计算逐日潜在蒸散量（PET）。观测变量包括日平均气温、日照时数、平均风速和平均相对湿度。采用联合国粮食及农业组织（FAO）推荐的彭曼-蒙蒂斯方法（Penman-Monteith method）计算 PET。研究了中国六个地区不同季节 PET 的长期趋势。为了进一步压缩各种气象因素对 PET 趋势的影响，分析了每个气象要素对 PET 长期趋势的贡献。结果表明：（1）PET 在夏季达到峰值，范围为 145 至 640mm，在冬季达到最低，范围为 21 至 244mm。（2）PET 趋势变化的空间格局在四季中较为相似，表现为东部地区减少，西部地区增加。夏季减少最为明显，趋势范围为-2.04 至 1.48mm/d，冬季增加更为显著，趋势范围为-0.34 至 0.53mm/d。（3）不同地区各因素的贡献差异较大。在春、秋季，RH 和 U 与其他因素的贡献差异不大。但在其他地区，tsun 的贡献值变化较大，在西北地区最大，在东北地区最小。然而，在夏季，tsun 成为 YZ 和 SE 地区 PET 趋势的最主要贡献因素，而在冬季，Tm 成为所有六个子区域 PET 趋势的最主要贡献因素。在 SW，在所有季节中，U2 的贡献最小，RH 和 Tm 是决定该地区 PET 趋势的两个关键因素。
