Huang Ting, Zhang Zheng-Yue, Qiu Zhi-Lin, Li Lin, Liu Xian-Xi, Wang Lei, Wang Zi-Ying, Li Zhi-Peng, Xiao Geng-Sheng, Wang Wei
Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China.
Meizhou Jinlv Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Meizhou, China.
Front Pharmacol. 2024 Apr 2;15:1380277. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1380277. eCollection 2024.
Essential oils are potential alternatives to antibiotics for preventing albicans (C. albicans) infection which is responsible for economic losses in the pigeon industry. essential oil (EO) can inhibit pathogens, particularly fungal pathogens but its potential beneficial effects on -infected pigeons remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of . EO on antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal microbiota in -infected pigeons. The pigeons were divided into four groups as follows: (1) NC group: uninfected/. EO untreated group; (2) PC group: infected/. EO untreated group; (3) LPA group: infected/1% . EO treated group; and (4) HPA group: infected/2% . EO treated group. The pigeons were infected with from day of age 35 to 41 and treated with . EO from day of age 42 to 44, with samples collected on day of age 45 for analysis. The results demonstrated that . EO prevented the reduction in the antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px causes by challenge in pigeons. Furthermore, . EO could decrease the relative expression of , , and in the ileum, as well as and in the crop, while increasing the relative expression of in the ileum and the crop and in the ileum in infected pigeons. Although the gut microbiota composition was not significantly affected by . EO, 2% . EO increased the abundance of and . In conclusion, the application of 2% . EO not only enhanced the level of antioxidant activity and the expression of genes related to intestinal barrier function but also inhibited inflammatory genes in -infected pigeons and increased the abundance of gut bacteria that are resistant to .
精油是预防白色念珠菌（白色假丝酵母）感染的抗生素潜在替代品，白色念珠菌感染会给鸽子养殖业造成经济损失。精油（EO）可以抑制病原体，尤其是真菌病原体，但其对感染鸽子的潜在有益作用仍不清楚。因此，我们研究了EO对感染鸽子的抗氧化活性、免疫反应、肠道屏障功能和肠道微生物群的影响。鸽子被分为四组如下：（1）NC组：未感染/未用EO处理组；（2）PC组：感染/未用EO处理组；（3）LPA组：感染/1%EO处理组；（4）HPA组：感染/2%EO处理组。鸽子在35日龄至41日龄感染白色念珠菌，并在42日龄至44日龄用EO处理，在45日龄采集样本进行分析。结果表明，EO可防止鸽子因白色念珠菌攻击而导致的抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）减少。此外，EO可降低感染鸽子回肠中白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的相对表达，以及嗉囊中白细胞介素-1β和肿瘤坏死因子-α的相对表达，同时增加回肠和嗉囊中白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的相对表达以及回肠中转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）的相对表达。虽然肠道微生物群组成未受到EO的显著影响，但2%的EO增加了双歧杆菌属和乳酸菌属的丰度。总之，2%EO的应用不仅提高了抗氧化活性水平和与肠道屏障功能相关基因的表达，还抑制了感染白色念珠菌鸽子中的炎症基因，并增加了对白色念珠菌有抗性的肠道细菌的丰度。
