Zhou Yitian, Lee Zachariah L, Zhu Jun
Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Infect Microbes Dis. 2020 Oct 14;2(4):127-135. doi: 10.1097/IM9.0000000000000037. eCollection 2020 Dec.
, the causative agent of the infectious disease, cholera, is commonly found in brackish waters and infects human hosts via the fecal-oral route. is a master of stress resistance as dynamic lifestyle across different physical environments constantly exposes it to diverse stressful circumstances. Specifically, has dedicated genetic regulatory networks to sense different environmental cues and respond to these signals. With frequent outbreaks costing a tremendous amount of lives and increased global water temperatures providing more suitable aquatic habitats for , cholera pandemics remain a probable catastrophic threat to humanity. Understanding how copes with different environmental stresses broadens our repertoire of measures against infectious diseases and expands our general knowledge of prokaryotic stress responses. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of how fights against stresses in vivo and in vitro.
霍乱这种传染病的病原体通常存在于微咸水中，并通过粪-口途径感染人类宿主。霍乱弧菌是抗逆性的高手，因为其在不同物理环境中的动态生活方式使其不断面临各种压力环境。具体而言，霍乱弧菌拥有专门的基因调控网络来感知不同的环境线索并对这些信号做出反应。霍乱疫情频繁爆发，夺去了大量生命，而全球水温升高为霍乱弧菌提供了更适宜的水生栖息地，因此霍乱大流行仍然是对人类可能的灾难性威胁。了解霍乱弧菌如何应对不同的环境压力，拓宽了我们对抗传染病的措施范围，并扩展了我们对原核生物应激反应的一般认识。在这篇综述中，我们总结了霍乱弧菌在体内和体外对抗压力的调控机制。
