Department of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, South Korea.
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2024 Apr 17;19(4):e0301924. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301924. eCollection 2024.
To satisfy the requirements of modern communication systems and wearables using 2.4/5.8 GHz band this paper presents a simple, compact, and dual-band solution. The antenna is extracted from a circular monopole by inserting various patches and stubs. The genetic algorithm is utilized to optimize the parameters and achieve the best possible results regarding bandwidth and gain. Afterward, a 2-port multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration is created by positioning an identical second single element perpendicularly to the first one. The electrical size of the suggested MIMO configuration is 0.26 λL × 0.53 λL, where λL represents the free space wavelength at lower resonance of 2.45 GHz. The common ground technique is adopted to further reduce and achieve the accepted level of mutual coupling of the MIMO configuration. The presented MIMO antenna offers a low mutual coupling of < -27 dB with 0.2 envelope correlation coefficient (ECC). The antenna has a gain of around 6.2 dBi and 6.5 dBi at resonating frequencies of 2.45 GHz and 5.4 GHz. Furthermore, the specific absorption rate (SAR) analysis of the MIMO antenna offers a range inside of the standard values, showing its potential for On/Off body communications. The comparison with already published works shows that the proposed antenna achieves better results in either compact size or wide operational bandwidth along with low mutual coupling.
为了满足现代通信系统和使用 2.4/5.8GHz 频段的可穿戴设备的要求,本文提出了一种简单、紧凑、双频解决方案。该天线通过插入各种贴片和短截线从圆形单极子中提取出来。利用遗传算法优化参数,实现带宽和增益的最佳效果。之后,通过将相同的第二个单元素垂直于第一个元素定位,创建了一个 2 端口多输入多输出(MIMO)配置。所提出的 MIMO 配置的电气尺寸为 0.26λL×0.53λL,其中 λL 表示 2.45GHz 较低谐振处的自由空间波长。采用共地技术进一步减小并达到 MIMO 配置可接受的互耦水平。所提出的 MIMO 天线具有低互耦< -27dB 和 0.2 的包络相关系数(ECC)。天线在谐振频率为 2.45GHz 和 5.4GHz 时,增益约为 6.2dBi 和 6.5dBi。此外,MIMO 天线的比吸收率(SAR)分析显示其在标准值范围内,表明其在 On/Off 体通信中的应用潜力。与已发表的工作进行比较表明,与紧凑尺寸或宽工作带宽相比,所提出的天线具有更好的互耦性能。