Department of Membrane Biogenesis and Lipidomics, Institute of Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraβe 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
ACS Synth Biol. 2024 May 17;13(5):1549-1561. doi: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00073. Epub 2024 Apr 17.
ATP is a universal energy currency that is essential for life. l-Arginine degradation via deamination is an elegant way to generate ATP in synthetic cells, which is currently limited by a slow l-arginine/l-ornithine exchange. We are now implementing a new antiporter with better kinetics to obtain faster ATP recycling. We use l-arginine-dependent ATP formation for the continuous synthesis and export of glycerol 3-phosphate by including glycerol kinase and the glycerol 3-phosphate/Pi antiporter. Exported glycerol 3-phosphate serves as a precursor for the biosynthesis of phospholipids in a second set of vesicles, which forms the basis for the expansion of the cell membrane. We have therefore developed an out-of-equilibrium metabolic network for ATP recycling, which has been coupled to lipid synthesis. This feeder-utilizer system serves as a proof-of-principle for the systematic buildup of synthetic cells, but the vesicles can also be used to study the individual reaction networks in confinement.
ATP 是一种通用的能量货币，对生命至关重要。通过脱氨作用降解 l-精氨酸是在合成细胞中生成 ATP 的一种巧妙方式，但目前受到 l-精氨酸/鸟氨酸缓慢交换的限制。我们现在正在使用具有更好动力学的新型反向转运蛋白来获得更快的 ATP 循环回收。我们通过包括甘油激酶和甘油 3-磷酸/磷酸反向转运蛋白，利用 l-精氨酸依赖性 ATP 形成来连续合成和输出甘油 3-磷酸。输出的甘油 3-磷酸作为第二组囊泡中磷脂生物合成的前体，为细胞膜的扩展提供了基础。因此，我们为 ATP 循环回收开发了一个非平衡代谢网络，该网络已与脂质合成相耦合。这种进料器-利用者系统为系统构建合成细胞提供了原理验证，但这些囊泡也可用于在受限环境中研究单个反应网络。
