Gerber Willow, Fields Rebecca, Guesela Neide, Nuhu Khadijah A Ibrahim, Manika Eugene
MOMENTUM Routine Immunization Transformation and Equity Project, JSI Research and Training Institute, Arlington, VA, United States.
MOMENTUM Routine Immunization Transformation and Equity Project, JSI, Arlington, VA, United States.
Front Glob Womens Health. 2024 Apr 3;5:1367590. doi: 10.3389/fgwh.2024.1367590. eCollection 2024.
The global immunization community has only recently recognized that addressing gender-related barriers to vaccination is critical to improving equity and increasing protection against vaccine-preventable diseases. USAID's MOMENTUM Routine Immunization Transformation and Equity project aims to strengthen routine immunization programs to overcome entrenched obstacles to reaching zero-dose and under-immunized children while supporting the introduction of other new vaccines given over the life course. From the outset, the project recognized the need to mainstream gender into its global and country level work, incorporating gender considerations into all phases of the program cycle, from assessment to activity design, strategic communications, monitoring, evaluation, and continuous learning. Its gender mainstreaming efforts focus on five areas of improvement for immunization: service access and convenience; service quality and experience; communication and demand generation for immunization among caregivers (both women and men) and families; making services more responsive to agency and autonomy constraints of female caregivers; and the conditions and circumstances of health workers, who are mostly women. The authors describe approaches the project has applied to build capacity of its own global and country level staff to both recognize the gender dimensions inherent in common obstacles to immunization and ways to address them. Authors describe project activities carried out at global and country levels and share experience and challenges encountered in increasing recognition of gender barriers, moving from theory to practical action in addressing them, building capacity, and gauging the success of the work to date. The lessons learned are useful to colleagues working within the circumstances of time-limited and geography-specific projects whose main focus is to improve equity in immunization.
全球免疫界直到最近才认识到，消除与性别相关的疫苗接种障碍对于提高公平性和增强针对疫苗可预防疾病的防护至关重要。美国国际开发署的“动力常规免疫转型与公平”项目旨在加强常规免疫计划，以克服在为零剂量儿童和未充分免疫儿童接种疫苗方面根深蒂固的障碍，同时支持引入生命全程接种的其他新疫苗。从一开始，该项目就认识到有必要将性别问题纳入其全球和国家层面的工作，将性别因素纳入项目周期的各个阶段，从评估到活动设计、战略沟通、监测、评价和持续学习。其性别主流化工作聚焦于免疫接种的五个改进领域：服务可及性与便利性；服务质量与体验；护理人员（包括男性和女性）及家庭之间免疫接种的沟通与需求生成；使服务更能应对女性护理人员的能动性和自主性限制；以及主要为女性的卫生工作者的工作条件和环境。作者描述了该项目为提升其全球和国家层面工作人员的能力所采用的方法，使其既能认识到免疫接种常见障碍中固有的性别层面问题，又能了解应对这些问题的方法。作者描述了在全球和国家层面开展的项目活动，并分享了在提高对性别障碍的认识、从理论转向实际行动应对这些障碍、建设能力以及评估迄今为止工作成效方面所遇到的经验和挑战。所汲取的经验教训对在时间有限且地域特定的项目环境中工作的同事很有用，这些项目的主要重点是提高免疫接种的公平性。
