增强现实抬头显示器（AR-HUD）警告界面中颜色梯度和表情符号对自动驾驶接管性能和驾驶员情绪的影响。
Effects of a color gradient and emoji in AR-HUD warning interfaces in autonomous vehicles on takeover performance and driver emotions.
机构信息
Department of School of Design and Art, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Industrial Design, China Academy of Art, Hangzhou, China.
出版信息
Traffic Inj Prev. 2024;25(5):714-723. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2024.2337120. Epub 2024 Apr 18.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined the effects of color gradients and emojis in an augmented reality-head-up display (AR-HUD) warning interface on driver emotions and takeover performance.
METHODS
A total of 48 participants were grouped into four different warning interfaces for a simulated self-driving takeover experiment. Two-way analysis of variance and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze takeover time, mood, task load, and system availability.
RESULTS
Takeover efficiency and task load did not significantly differ among the interfaces, but the interfaces with a color gradient and emoji positively affected drivers' emotions. Emojis also positively affected emotional valence, and the color gradient had a high emotional arousal effect. Both the color gradient and the emoji interfaces had an inhibitory effect on negative emotions. The emoji interface was easier to learn, reducing driver learning costs.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings offer valuable insights for designing safer and more user-friendly AR-HUD interfaces for self-driving cars.
目的
本研究考察了增强现实抬头显示（AR-HUD）警告界面中颜色梯度和表情符号对驾驶员情绪和接管性能的影响。
方法
共有 48 名参与者被分为四种不同的警告界面，用于模拟自动驾驶接管实验。采用双向方差分析和克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯检验分析接管时间、情绪、任务负荷和系统可用性。
结果
界面之间的接管效率和任务负荷没有显著差异，但具有颜色梯度和表情符号的界面能积极影响驾驶员的情绪。表情符号也能积极影响情绪效价，颜色梯度具有较高的情绪唤醒效果。颜色梯度和表情符号界面都对负性情绪有抑制作用。表情符号界面更容易学习，降低了驾驶员的学习成本。
结论
这些发现为设计更安全、更用户友好的自动驾驶汽车 AR-HUD 界面提供了有价值的见解。
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