Bengel W
Int Dent J. 1985 Sep;35(3):210-7.
The main purpose of dental photography is documentation. This means that a maximum of information has to be recorded by photographic means under reproducible conditions. Only if the conditions are reproducible can photographs be regarded as really adequate recording tools. There must be standardization of the clinical camera and associated equipment, and the formating and lighting of those intra- and extra-oral views which are often used in dental photography. The most versatile camera body for dental photography is the 35 mm single-lens-reflex-camera. The proper lens is a 100 up to 135 mm-macrolens, which allows a magnification of 1:1 or better. The proper light source is a rotating side mounted flash unit or better, a twin flash with reflectors, each of them mounted at one side of the lens. Ring flash can be used in intra-oral photography. Five important views are described which portray the intra-oral status: a frontal view, two lateral views and occlusal views of the two arches. In addition to these views there are six facial views which are often used in dental practice: two lateral views; a frontal view; a frontal view with the head tilted back; and two fronto-lateral views at angles of 45 degrees to the sagittal plane. By standardizing the photographic conditions the photographs produced will be comparable to each other, even if successive photographs are taken at long time intervals and by different photographers. Only in this way can dental photography be used as a valuable aid to documentation.
牙科摄影的主要目的是记录。这意味着必须在可重复的条件下通过摄影手段记录尽可能多的信息。只有条件可重复，照片才能被视为真正合适的记录工具。临床相机及相关设备必须标准化，牙科摄影中常用的口内和口外视图的格式化及照明也必须标准化。牙科摄影中最通用的相机机身是35毫米单镜头反光相机。合适的镜头是100至135毫米的微距镜头，可实现1:1或更高的放大倍率。合适的光源是侧面安装的旋转闪光灯，或者更好的是带有反光罩的双闪光灯，每个闪光灯安装在镜头的一侧。环形闪光灯可用于口内摄影。文中描述了五个描绘口内状况的重要视图：正面视图、两个侧面视图以及两个牙弓的咬合视图。除了这些视图外还有六个在牙科实践中常用的面部视图：两个侧面视图；一个正面视图；一个头部后仰的正面视图；以及两个与矢状面成45度角的额侧视图。通过标准化摄影条件，即使连续照片是在很长时间间隔后由不同摄影师拍摄的，所产生的照片也将彼此可比。只有这样，牙科摄影才能用作有价值的记录辅助手段。
