Sanam Tulja, Nagaraju Umashankar, P S Benherlal, Nerella Sridhar Goud, R Jayaramaiah, G G Kadalli, V Satya Srii
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Department of Plant Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India.
Front Fungal Biol. 2024 Apr 4;5:1345543. doi: 10.3389/ffunb.2024.1345543. eCollection 2024.
The current study placed an intense emphasis on the excess discharge of agro-based industrial effluent and the use of plant extract antimicrobials to inhibit the growth of pathogens in crop plants. An effluent (treated and untreated) from the marigold flower processing industry has been identified for the presence of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, and a total of 18 in treated effluent and 23 in untreated effluent were found using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 13 classes were identified, which include carboxylic acid, phenols, esters, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, cyanide, heterocyclic, flavonoids, aldehydes, polycyclic aromatic, cycloalkanes, and cycloalkenes. A principal component analysis with varimax rotation was applied to discern the abundance of identified compounds under each class. An antifungal bioassay was conducted using effluents at three different concentrations against plant pathogens (, , , , , and ). The study proved that treated and untreated effluents clearly inhibited the growth of fungal pathogens by 10 to 32% and 37 to 92%, respectively. The findings suggest that marigold flower effluent can be a promising resource for developing new plant protection methods that are effective against pathogenic fungi.
当前的研究高度重视以农业为基础的工业废水的过量排放，以及利用植物提取物抗菌剂来抑制农作物中病原体的生长。已确定万寿菊加工行业的废水（经过处理和未处理的）中存在挥发性和半挥发性有机化合物，通过气相色谱 - 质谱法在处理后的废水中共发现18种，未处理的废水中发现23种。总共鉴定出13类，包括羧酸、酚类、酯类、烷烃、烯烃、醇类、氰化物、杂环化合物、黄酮类、醛类、多环芳烃、环烷烃和环烯烃。应用具有方差最大化旋转的主成分分析来识别每类中已鉴定化合物的丰度。使用三种不同浓度的废水对植物病原体（、、、、、和）进行了抗真菌生物测定。研究证明，处理后的废水和未处理的废水分别明显抑制真菌病原体生长10%至32%和37%至92%。研究结果表明，万寿菊废水可能是开发有效对抗致病真菌的新植物保护方法的有前景的资源。
