Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2024 Dec;37(1):2340597. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2024.2340597. Epub 2024 Apr 19.
The fetal stage is pivotal for growth and development, making it susceptible to the adverse effects of prenatal metal(loid)s exposure. This study evaluated the influence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the placental transfer efficiency (PTE) of metal(loid)s and thus assessed the associated risks of prenatal metal(loid)s exposure. Designed as a case-control study, it incorporated 114 pregnant participants: 65 without complications and 49 diagnosed with GDM. We utilized inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to quantify seven metal(loid)s - manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) - in both maternal venous blood and umbilical cord blood. We compared metal(loid)s concentrations and their PTE in the maternal and cord blood between the two groups. Notably, Cu, Ga, As, and Co levels in the umbilical cord blood of the GDM group (657.9 ± 167.2 μg/L, 1.23 ± 0.34 μg/L, 5.19 ± 2.58 μg/L, 1.09 ± 2.03 μg/L) surpassed those of the control group, with PTE of Co showing a marked increase in GDM group (568.8 ± 150.4 μg/L, 1.05 ± 0.31 μg/L, 4.09 ± 2.54 μg/L, 0.47 ± 0.91 μg/L), with PTE of Co showing a marked increase in GDM group ( < 0.05). The PTE of Ni exhibited a reduction in the GDM group relative to the control group, yet this decrease did not reach statistical significance. This study indicates that GDM can influence the placental transfer efficiency of certain metal(loid)s, leading to higher concentrations of Co, Cu, Ga, and As in the umbilical cord blood of the GDM group. The marked increase in the PTE of Co suggests a potential link to placental abnormal angiogenesis due to GDM.
胎儿期是生长和发育的关键时期，容易受到产前金属（类）暴露的不利影响。本研究评估了妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）对金属（类）胎盘转移效率（PTE）的影响，从而评估了产前金属（类）暴露的相关风险。本研究设计为病例对照研究，纳入了 114 名孕妇：65 名无并发症，49 名诊断为 GDM。我们利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）定量测定了母体静脉血和脐血中 7 种金属（类）-锰（Mn）、钴（Co）、镍（Ni）、铜（Cu）、镓（Ga）、砷（As）和镉（Cd）。我们比较了两组孕妇静脉血和脐血中金属（类）的浓度及其 PTE。值得注意的是，GDM 组脐血中 Cu、Ga、As 和 Co 水平（657.9 ± 167.2 μg/L、1.23 ± 0.34 μg/L、5.19 ± 2.58 μg/L、1.09 ± 2.03 μg/L）高于对照组，GDM 组 Co 的 PTE 显著增加（568.8 ± 150.4 μg/L、1.05 ± 0.31 μg/L、4.09 ± 2.54 μg/L、0.47 ± 0.91 μg/L），GDM 组 Co 的 PTE 明显增加（ < 0.05）。GDM 组 Ni 的 PTE 较对照组降低，但差异无统计学意义。本研究表明，GDM 可影响某些金属（类）的胎盘转移效率，导致 GDM 组脐血中 Co、Cu、Ga 和 As 浓度升高。Co 的 PTE 明显增加提示 GDM 可能与胎盘异常血管生成有关。
